Table 2.
Summary of the in vivo biocorrosion and biocompatibility properties of biodegradable Zn-based BMs for orthopedic applications.
| Material | Working history | Animal mode | Implantation site | Period time | Corrosion rates (μm/year) | Inflammatory reactions | Capsule formation | New bone formation | Bone contact | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pure Zn | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~140 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Pure Zn (99.95%) | Extruded | New Zealand rabbit | Tibial shaft | 24 w | NA | – | + | + | – | [107] |
| Pure Zn (99.998%) | Sprague Dawley rat | Calvaria | 10 w | ~44 | NA | + | + | NA | [156] | |
| Pure Zn | Spark plasma sintering | Sprague Dawley rat | Femoral condyle | 8 w | NA | + | + | + | – | [146] |
| Zn–1Mg | Rolled | C57BL/6 mice | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | 170 | – | NA | + | NA | [132] |
| Zn–1Ca | Rolled | C57BL/6 mice | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | 190 | – | NA | + | NA | [132] |
| Zn–1Sr | Rolled | C57BL/6 mice | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | 220 | – | NA | + | NA | [132] |
| Zn-0.1Li | Extruded | Sprague-Dawley rat | Femur condyle | 12 w | NA | + | + | + | + | [135] |
| Zn-0.1Mn | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~130 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn-0.8Ca | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~130 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn-0.05Mg | Extruded | New Zealand rabbit | Tibial shaft | 24 w | NA | – | + | + | + | [107] |
| Zn-0.8Mg | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~140 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn–5Mg | Spark plasma sintering | Sprague Dawley rat | Femoral condyle | 8 w | NA | – | + | + | + | [145] |
| Zn-0.1Sr | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~150 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn-0.4Fe | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~150 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn-0.4Li | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~170 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn-2.0Ag | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~180 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn-0.4Cu | Extruded | Sprague Dawley rat | Medullary cavity of femoral shaft | 8 w | ~260 | NA | + | + | + | [109] |
| Zn-0.8Mn | Extruded | Rat | Femoral condyle | 12 w | NA | NA | NA | + | NA | [157] |
| Zn-5HA | Spark plasma sintering | Sprague Dawley rat | Femoral condyle | 8 w | NA | + | + | + | – | [146] |
Note: +: Positive; -: Negative; NA: Not available.