Table 4.

Summary of the in vivo biocorrosion and biocompatibility properties of biodegradable Zn-based BMs for cardiovascular applications.

Material	Implant shape	Animal mode	Implantation site	Period time	In vivo corrosion rate (mm/year)	Inflammatory response	Thrombosis	Intimal hyperplasia	Ref.
Pure Zn (99.995%)	Stent	Adult Japanese rabbit	Abdominal aorta	12 months	NA	–	–	–	[164]
Pure Zn	Wire	Rat	Abdominal aorta	11 months	NA	NA	NA	_	[188]
Pure Zn (99.99+%)	Wire	Male young CD IGS rat	Abdominal aorta	6 months	NA	+	NA	NA	[171]
Pure Zn (99.99+%)	Wire	Sprague Dawley rat	Abdominal aorta	6.5 months	NA	_	_	_	[189]
Zn-0.002Mg	Wire	Adult male Sprague-Dawley rat	Abdominal aorta	11 months	~0.027 at 4.5 months and ~0.050 at 11 months	+	NA	+	[167]
Zn-0.005Mg	Wire	Adult male Sprague-Dawley rat	Abdominal aorta	11 months	~0.023 at 4.5 months and ~0.039 at 11 months	+	NA	+	[167]
Zn-0.08Mg	Wire	Adult male Sprague-Dawley rat	Abdominal aorta	11 months	~0.015 at 4.5 months and ~0.023 at 11 months	+	NA	+	[167]
Zn-0.8Cu	Stent	Female Shanghai white pig	Left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, or right coronary artery	24 months	~0.016 at 3 months	+	–	+	[165]
Zn–3Ag	Stent	Juvenile domestic swine	Iliofemoral artery	6 months	NA	NA	–	NA	[166]
Zn-0.1Li	Wire	Sprague Dawley rat	Abdominal aorta	12 months	~0.019 at 9 months and ~0.046 at 12 months	+	NA	+	[168]
Zn–4Li	Wire	Rat	Abdominal aorta	11 months	NA	NA	NA	+	[188]
Zn-0.02Mg-0.02Cu	Stent	New Zealand white rabbit	Left carotid artery	12 months	~0.025 at 3–6 months and 0.040 ± 0.013 at 12 months	NA	NA	+	[183]

Note: +: Positive; -: Negative; NA: Not available.