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. 2021 Aug 16;16:5603–5619. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S321387

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© 2021 Shi et al.

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Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining of the regenerated bone. (A) H and E staining of the decalcified bone. White arrows indicate the fibrous tissue, and black arrows indicate the cortical bone. Red arrows indicate the osteoid, and blue arrows indicate neovascularization. (B) Healing percentage of the bone defects treated with GelMA, GelMA-HAP, GelMA-SN, and GelMA-HAP-SN hydrogel. (C–D) Quantification of new bone and vascularized tissue formation in the bone-healing interface from the defects treated with different GelMA-based hydrogels. *P < 0.05 indicates statistical difference.