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. 2021 Aug 13;7(8):e07771. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07771

Table 5.

Comparative analysis of the cellulose extraction processes.

Name of the Process Specifications of the Process Researched by
Sun et al. [17] Liu et al. [42] Abdel Halim [44]
Choosing the Raw Material Dried and ground Sugarcane Bagasse Dried and ground Sugarcane Bagasse Dried and ground Sugarcane Bagasse
Dewaxing Toluene-Ethanol Solution (2:1 v/v) Chloroform-Ethanol Solution (2:1 v/v) NaOH
Duration 6 h 6 h 1 h
Temperature Room temperature Room temperature 100 °C
Washing H2O H2O
Duration 2 h 2 h
Temperature 70–80 °C 55 °C
Delignification NaClO2 Ultrasonic Irradiation Treatment NaClO2 NaClO2 and Hexamethylenetetramine
Duration 2 h 40 min 2 h 50–250 min
Temperature 75 °C 55 °C 75 °C 50–95 °C
Bleaching and Cellulose Extraction KOH and NaOH NaOH and H2O2 NaOH and H2O2 Ultrasonic Irradiation Treatment
Duration 10 h 2 h 2 h 30 min
Temperature 20 °C 55 °C 55 °C 60 °C
NaOH or KOH
Duration 2/12/16 h
Temperature 23 °C
Properties
Yield% 44.2–44.7 45.9 44.7 47.8–55.4 45
Percentage of Weight Loss% 55.3–55.8 54.1 55.3 44.6–52.2 55
Intrinsic Viscosity(mL/g) 412.8–415.6 400.8 356.2 534.1–631.6
Degree of Polymerisation 1396–1406.5 1351 1185.2 1913–2238.2
FTIR Absence of lignin band at 1510-1520 cm−1 Absence of lignin band at 1510-1520 cm−1 Absence of lignin band at 1510-1520 cm−1 Absence of lignin band at 1510-1520 cm−1 Absence of lignin band at 1510-1520 cm−1