Table 1.
Characteristics of White and Black participants (n = 9037).
| White (n = 5294) | Black (n = 3743) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female (%) | 51.0 | 54.1 | 0.007 |
| Age (mean, ± SE) | 44.0 ± 0.47 | 39.8 ± 0.36 | <0.001 |
| Region (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Northeast | 21.8 | 16.0 | |
| Midwest | 27.0 | 19.9 | |
| South | 32.2 | 54.2 | |
| West | 19.0 | 9.8 | |
| Education (%) | <0.001 | ||
| 0–8 years | 6.2 | 9.1 | |
| 9–11 years | 11.7 | 18.4 | |
| 12 years | 35.2 | 39.1 | |
| 13 years | 46.9 | 33.5 | |
| Income (%) | <0.001 | ||
| < $10,000 | 7.3 | 22.4 | |
| $10,000-$30,000 | 34.3 | 45.5 | |
| $30,000-$50,000 | 29.5 | 21.6 | |
| $50,000+ | 28.9 | 10.4 | |
| Congestive heart failure (%) | 1.4 | 1.8 | 0.086 |
| Previous stroke (%) | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.83 |
| Previous heart attack (%) | 3.0 | 2.0 | 0.013 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 4.4 | 6.2 | 0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 20.9 | 26.3 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 169.8 ± 0.16 | 169.5 ± 0.21 | 0.242 |
| BMI category (%) | <0.001 | ||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | |
| 18.5–24.99 kg/m2 | 44.2 | 37.4 | |
| 25–29.99 kg/m2 | 32.6 | 32.5 | |
| 30+ kg/m2 | 20.8 | 27.9 | |
| Smoking status (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Never | 42.3 | 48.6 | |
| Former | 27.7 | 15.6 | |
| Current | 30.0 | 35.8 |
SE=standard error; BMI = body mass index.
p-values calculated using univariate linear regression (age) or Pearson chi-square (all other variables).
Individuals with missing data out of study sample of n = 9037: education (n = 18 [0.3%] among White participants; n = 22 [0.6%] Black participants); income (n = 306 [4.8%] White participants; n = 324 [8.0%] Black individuals); CHF (n = 7 [0.1%] White participants; n = 2 [0.0%] Black individuals); previous stroke (n = 2 [0.0%] White participants; n = 0 [0.0%] Black individuals); previous heart attack (n = 31 [0.9%] White participants; n = 43 [1.1%] Black individuals); diabetes mellitus (n = 8 [0.1%] White participants; n = 2 [0.0%] Black individuals); hypertension (n = 9 [0.2%] White participants; n = 5 [0.2%] Black participants); smoking status (n = 0 [0.0%] White participants, n = 1 [0.0%] Black individuals). All percentages and means are weighted.