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. 2021 Aug 20;21:1572. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11617-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — a and b. Adjusted odds ratios of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and current smoking associated with survey year (with year 2005 as the reference) stratified by low (10th percentile) and high (90th percentile) province urbanicity in men (a) and women (b). Period 2005–2013. Model for each outcome includes all main effects and interaction for urbanicity and survey. Analyses are adjusted for age and education. Survey year 2005 is the reference category. Low and high province urbanicity correspond to 10th and 90th percentile, respectively. Significant p values for interactions include: Men, obesity (p = 0.001); Women, diabetes (p = 0.028)