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. 2021 Aug 20;21:1572. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11617-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — a b. Adjusted educational inequalities in hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and current smoking by survey year for (a) men and (b) women. Period 2005–2013. Model for each outcome includes all main effects and interaction for education and survey. Analyses are adjusted for age and urbanicity. RII > 1 indicates higher prevalence with lower levels of education, RII < 1 indicates lower prevalence with lower levels of education. Significant p values for interactions include: Men, hypertension (p < 0.001); Women, hypertension (p = 0.018) and current smoking (p < 0.001)