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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Addict Behav. 2021 Feb 22;35(6):650–658. doi: 10.1037/adb0000704

Table 5.

Odds Ratios (and 95% Confidence Limits) from Multilevel Multinomial Logistic Models of Participant’s Alcohol and Cannabis Use from the Proportion of Friends with whom they Drink (i.e., Drinking Buddies) and Participant Demographic Covariates (n = 1817)

Concurrent vs. Alcohol Only
Simultaneous vs. Alcohol Only
95% Confidence Limits
95% Confidence Limits
Variable OR Lower Upper OR Lower Upper

Intercept 0.24 0.14 0.40 0.78 0.52 1.17
Semester 1.81 1.31 2.50 1.09 0.83 1.43
Female Sex 0.71 0.49 1.02 0.41 0.28 0.60
Non-Hispanic White 0.82 0.57 1.18 0.89 0.62 1.29
Athlete 0.29 0.16 0.52 0.22 0.13 0.37
Substance-free Dorm 0.10 0.03 0.36 0.19 0.08 0.49
Greek Intentions (Maybe) 0.92 0.62 1.37 1.94 1.30 2.90
Greek Intentions (Yes) 0.70 0.30 1.60 2.66 1.31 5.43
Proportion Drinking Buddies 2.00 1.15 3.47 16.62 9.17 30.15

Note. 95% confidence limits with bounds outside of 1.00 are reported in bold typeface. The reference value for Semester is “Fall.” The reference value for Greek Intentions is “No.” Participants could not identify cannabis-use buddies if they did not use cannabis themselves. Thus, “Proportion Friend Cannabis Users” would not apply to the “Alcohol Only” category and was only relevant for the Simultaneous vs. Concurrent comparison (see Table 6).

Note: The difference in the n between Tables 4 and 5 reflects missingness on the proportion of drinking buddies variable.