Table 4.
GEE population-averaged model for predictors of urinary concentration of phthalate metabolites (ng/mL) in HERMOSA participants.
| Phthalate metabolites | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MBzP | ∑DEHP | MCPP | ||||
| Predictor | % Changea | (95% C.I.) | % Changea | (95% C.I.) | % Changea | (95% C.I.) |
| Family’s Usual Practices | ||||||
| Plastic containers for leftovers | 71.4* | (4.6, 138.2) | 8.3 | (−21.1, 37.6) | −18.1 | (−65.0, 28.7) |
| Microwave in plastic | 25.6 | (−3.6, 54.7) | 0.7 | (−26.5, 28.0) | 1.2 | (−22.5, 24.8) |
| Linoleum or vinyl floors in home | 66.7*** | (35.9, 97.5) | 1.5 | (−25.9, 28.8) | 15.1 | (−8.4, 38.6) |
| Plastic or vinyl shower curtain | 10.9 | (−25.4, 47.2) | −12.2 | (−44.5, 20.1) | −18.1 | (−44.9, 8.7) |
| Participant’s Recent Practices (past 1–12 h) | ||||||
| Foods Today | ||||||
| Breakfast meat | −13.8 | (−57.3, 29.7) | 17.3 | (−49.6, 84.3) | −2.7 | (−49.0, 54.4) |
| Eggs | 15.1 | (−28.8, 59.1) | −1.3 | (−47.0, 44.3) | −10.7 | (−57.5, 36.1) |
| Chicken | 4.5 | (−34.1, 43.2) | 4.7 | (−45.3, 54.7) | 58.5* | (5.1, 111.9) |
| Cold cuts or deli meats | −16.2 | (−72.6, 40.2) | 11.5 | (−43.0, 66.1) | 87.9* | (3.7, 172.0) |
| Drinks Today | ||||||
| Coffee or hot tea | −13.9 | (−54.9, 27.2) | 4.9 | (−35.1, 45.0) | 47.2*** | (21.7, 72.8) |
| 100% fruit juice | −14.4 | (−37.5, 8.7) | −0.3 | (−34.9, 34.4) | 20.8 | (−9.6, 51.2) |
| Sweetened fruit drink | 15.3 | (−22.4, 53.0) | 12.7 | (−31.1, 56.4) | −9.3 | (−51.2, 32.5) |
| Milk | −2.6 | (−28.5, 23.3) | 11.3 | (−14.4, 37.0) | 17.5 | (−6.5, 41.5) |
| Bottled water | −5.8 | (−26.1, 14.5) | −10.8 | (−33.3, 11.6) | −2.9 | (−26.0, 20.3) |
| Participant’s Recent Practices (past 24 h) | ||||||
| Meal Location | ||||||
| Fast food today or yesterday | −9.0 | (−27.4, 9.5) | 14.2 | (−5.3, 33.8) | 30.3** | (7.0, 53.5) |
| School meal today or yesterday | −7.4 | (−41.2, 26.3) | −17.1 | (−59.0, 24.9) | 23.8 | (−13.5, 61.0) |
*p-Value < 0.10; **p-value < 0.05; ***p-value < 0.01.
aModel mutually adjusted for all predictors in table, plus age, BMI, and time since last meal.