Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Primary surgery | Needling | Bleb revision | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 268 | n = 55 | n = 105 | |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 68.2 (54.0–76.6) | 67.8 (52.1–77.0) | 68.48 (54.1–76.8) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| Caucasian | 264 (99) | 55 (100) | 103 (98) |
| Asian | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (2) |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female | 130 (49) | 27 (49) | 52 (49) |
| Male | 138 (51) | 28 (51) | 53 (51) |
| IOP (mm Hg) and GM, mean ± SD | |||
| IOP baseline | 23.5 ± 8.0 | 23.2 ± 10.1 | 22 ± 8.0 |
| GM baseline | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 2.5 ± 1.1 |
| Diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| Primary open angle | 79 (29) | 16 (29) | 30 (29) |
| Primary open angle (normal tension) | 16 (6) | 2 (4) | 6 (6) |
| Pseudoexfoliative | 60 (22) | 13 (24) | 22 (21) |
| Pigment dispersion | 16 (6) | 4 (7) | 7 (7) |
| Primary angle closure | 29 (11) | 6 (11) | 12 (11) |
| Juvenile open angle | 21 (8) | 2 (4) | 6 (6) |
| Secondary glaucoma* | 22 (8) | 5 (9) | 8 (8) |
| Ocular hypertension | 20 (7) | 6 (11) | 10 (10) |
| Congenital glaucoma | 5 (2) | 1 (2) | 4 (4) |
| Previous eye surgery or laser, n (%) | |||
| Posterior intraocular lens | 83 (31) | 13 (24) | 34 (32) |
| Trabeculectomy | 27 (10) | 6 (11) | 10 (10) |
| Trabeculotomy | 7 (3) | 1 (2) | 4 (4) |
| Baerveldt | 3 (1) | 1 (2) | 1 (1) |
| Ahmed | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) |
| iStent | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) |
| Hydrus | 1 (0) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
| Kahook | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (1) |
| Cyclodestructive procedure | 5 (2) | 2 (4) | 3 (3) |
| Laser peripheral iridotomy | 26 (10) | 8 (15) | 10 (10) |
| Laser trabeculoplasty | 10 (4) | 2 (4) | 5 (5) |
| Laser iridoplasty | 5 (2) | 0 (0) | 3 (3) |
IQR interquartile range
*Secondary glaucoma excluding pseudoexfoliative and pigment dispersion glaucoma