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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Phys Ther Sport. 2021 May 19;51:8–16. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.05.005

Table 1:

Outlined neurocognitive challenges associated with each phase of Fitts and Posner’s Phases of Motor Learning.

Training Phase of IPP Key Training Phase Elements of Neurocognitive Challenge
Cognitive Phase No neurocognitive challenge
Focus on neuromuscular control
Associative Phase Congruent neurocognitive challenges
Dyad Training- mirror movements
Dyad Training- partner provides neurocognitive challenge\cue
Simple working memory
Autonomous Phase Incongruent neurocognitive challenges
Multistep decision-making
Fast anticipation/reactive challenges