Skip to main content
. 2021 Aug 9;8:708140. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.708140

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Regulation of Th22 cell differentiation. (A) IL-6 and TNF-α induce naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Th22 cells characterized with CCR4, CCR6, CCR10 and IL-22 expression, which can be promoted by IL-1 β. AhR is involved in the regulation of differentiation. (B) Activated DCs can secrete IL-6 and TNF-α to induce Th22 cell differentiation. (C) IL-21, IL-21 combined with IL-23 or IL-1β can induce Th22 cell differentiation and IL-22 expression, while the transcription factors STAT3, RORγt, and AhR participate in its regulation. (D) Keratinocytes are stimulated by endogenous TLR4 ligands and secrete IL-23, which combines with IL-23R of DCs; activated DCs further secrete IL-23 and induce CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Th22 cells. (E) Combined with IL-6, IL-23, IL-1β, FICZ and TGF-βR inhibitors can promote the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th22 cells. (F) Activated B cells can induce Th22 cell differentiation by activating mTOR signaling. Both TGF-β and T-bet can inhibit the differentiation of Th22 cells.