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. 2021 Aug 9;12:719589. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.719589

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Copyright © 2021 Li, Li, Pang, Zhang, Yu, Yeo, Lavin, Shao, Jia and Peng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Metformin reduces the expression level of inflammatory factors by silica particles in HBECs. The expression level of (A) TGF-β1, (B) TNF-α, and (C) IL-1β detected by ELISA. All the data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 for each experimental group). *p < 0.05, compared to the negative control group; ^# p < 0.05, compared to silica group; ^& p < 0.05, compared to Silica + Met group; ^$ p < 0.05, compared to Silica + CC group. TGF-β1, transforming growth factor-β1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; Pro, protein; Met, metformin; CC, Compound C.