Table 1.

Characterization of patient-specific, respiration-related features. The breathing pattern is quantified using two volume ratios: the external ((tVC/TVC)^Max) and the internal ((ΔV_EXP/ΔV_Lung)^Max). The stage-averaged conversion factor $(\langle \overline{k}\rangle =1.11\pm 0.03)$ is approximately a constant for all patients. From the reference ‘piston’ position (0 mm) to a displacement (ΔZ = 15 mm), the volume variation (α = (V₁₅−V₀)/V_7.5) smaller than 3% is considered a cylindrical rib cage, while three patients (#6, #9 and #11) have conically shaped rib cages (>3%). For up to 30 mm motion range, an approximate linear volume increase was found (R² = 0.95). Equation (11) or (12) was used for calculating diaphragm displacement, depending on the volumetric shape.

Patient	Gender	Breathing pattern descriptors		〈LVC/AVC〉		Volume of the rib cage (cm3/slice)			(V15–V0)/V7.5 (%)
		(tVC/TVC)Max (%)	(ΔVEXp/ΔVLung) Max (%)	〈k〉	σk	0 (mm)	7.5 (mm)	15.0 (mm)
1	M	10.0	6.7	1.13	0.04	59.09	59.50	59.99	1.5
2	M	19.9	8.1	1.15	0.07	61.87	62.01	61.89	0.0
3	M	31.4	12.3	1.08	0.04	69.61	70.32	70.93	1.9
4	F	8.9	7.3	1.12	0.08	46.13	46.74	46.61	1.0
5	F	10.3	5.6	1.11	0.03	41.79	42.27	42.23	1.0
6	M	2.7	2.8	1.14	0.07	63.41	65.99	67.34	6.0
7	M	8.3	6.0	1.11	0.07	49.98	50.63	51.31	2.6
8	F	16.7	7.1	1.10	0.05	42.08	42.77	43.02	2.2
9	M	17.5	10.3	1.09	0.05	70.21	72.03	73.06	4.0
10	F	14.0	15.3	1.07	0.05	38.58	38.54	38.16	−1.1
11	M	6.2	2.9	1.13	0.05	64.86	67.47	68.39	5.2
12	M	45.8	24.1	1.14	0.08	57.30	57.80	57.93	1.1
13	M	16.1	9.4	1.16	0.19	51.85	52.37	52.99	2.2
14	M	23.1	8.3	1.06	0.04	41.06	41.48	42.03	2.4
Average		16.5	9.0	1.11	0.07	54.13	54.99	55.42	0.02
St. Dev.		11.3	5.5	0.03	0.04	11.06	11.56	11.88	0.02