Table 2.

Select studies highlighting use of various immunosuppression strategies in myocarditis.

Study	Patients	Criteria	Immunosuppression	Outcomes	Conclusion
The Myocarditis Treatment Trial (4)	111	Histopathological diagnosis and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) <0.45	Prednisone with cyclosporine or azathioprine	Change in LVEF 28 weeks	No statistical difference in EF or survival
GCM Treatment Trial (66)	12	Biopsy-proven GCM with <3 months of symptoms	Steroids and cyclosporine +/– muromonab-CD3	EMB and LVEF in 4 weeks	Statistically significant decrease in inflammatory cells and no statistical difference in EF
Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (RATG) at Harefield Hospital (67)	6	Histopathological diagnosis	RATG + methylprednisolone	Mean LVEF improvement	Mean LVEF improvement 29%
Intervention in Myocarditis and Acute Cardiomyopathy (IMAC) trial (68)	62	Histopathological diagnosis (cellular inflammation not necessary, GCM excluded), LVEF <0.4, <6 months of symptoms without CAD or valvular disease	IVIG	LVEF change at 6 and 12 months	No statistical difference in change in EF compared to placebo