Thiophanate methyl | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary crops (available studies) | Crop groups | Crop(s) | Application(s) | Sampling (DAT) | Comment/Source |
Fruit crops | Apples | Foliar, 3 × 3.9 kg/ha | 1, 7 | Radiolabelled active substance: 14C‐phenyl ‐a.s. (EFSA, 2014, 2018a) | |
Grapes | Foliar, 1 × 1.042 kg a.s./ha | 0, 14, 35 | 14C‐phenyl (EFSA, 2018a) | ||
Tomatoes | Drip irrigation, 1 × 0.702; 1 × 1.386; 1 × 2.314 kg/ha | 7 | 14C‐phenyl (Sweden 2016, 2017) | ||
Root crops | Sugar beets | Foliar, 3 × 0.39 kg/ha | 0, 21 | 14C‐thiocarbonyl (EFSA, 2014, 2018a) | |
Cereals/grass | Wheat | Foliar, 1 × 0.75 kg/ha | 0, 28, 69 | 14C‐thiocarbonyl (EFSA, 2014; Sweden 2016, 2017) | |
Pulses/oilseeds | Lima beans | Foliar, 2 × 1.18 kg/ha | 28, 35 | 14C‐thiocarbonyl (EFSA, 2014, 2018a) Supportive, not acceptable as a standalone study | |
Soyabeans | Run‐off, 1 × 700 mg/l | 0, 7, 14 | 14C‐thiophanate‐methyl (label position not given) mixed with non labelled thiophanate‐ methyl (EFSA, 2018a) | ||
Green beans | Run‐off (assumed), 1 × 50 mg/L | 14 | 14C‐thiophanate‐methyl (label position not given) (EFSA, 2018a) |
Rotational crops (available studies) | Crop groups | Crop(s) | Application(s) | PBI (DAT) | Comment/Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root/tuber crops | Carrots | Bare soil, 1 × 1.6 kg/ha | 30, 120, 365 | EFSA (2014, 2018a) Studies available but not relevant since only import tolerances under assessment. | |
Leafy crops | Lettuce | Bare soil, 1 × 1.6 kg/ha | 30, 120, 365 | EFSA (2014, 2018a) Same comment as above. | |
Cereal (small grain) | Wheat | Bare soil, 1 × 1.6 kg/ha | 30, 120, 365 | EFSA (2014, 2018a) Same comment as above. |
Processed commodities (hydrolysis study) | Conditions | Stable? | Comment/Source |
---|---|---|---|
Pasteurisation (20 min, 90°C, pH 4) | Yes | EFSA (2014, 2018a) | |
Baking, brewing and boiling (60 min, 100°C, pH 5) | No | Thiophanate‐methyl degraded to carbendazim that accounted 14.2% (EFSA 2014, 2018a) | |
Sterilisation (20 min, 120°C, pH 6) | No | Thiophanate‐methyl degraded to carbendazim (92%) and to metabolite 2‐AB (10.3%) (EFSA 2014, 2018a) |
Carbendazim | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary crops (available studies) | Crop groups | Crop(s) | Application(s) | Sampling (DAT) | Comment/Source |
Fruit crops | Peaches | Foliar, 2 × 1.12 kg/ha, interval of 14 days between applications | –14, 0 | Sampling after each treatment. Study performed with 14C‐phenyl carbendazim (EFSA, 2010, 2014) | |
Strawberries | Hydroponic, 1 × 0.182 kg as/L | 36, 88 | Study performed with 14C‐imidazole carbendazim Informative only (EFSA, 2010, 2014) | ||
Root crops | Sugar beet | Foliar, 3 × 0.55 kg/ha Foliar, 5 × 0.55 kg/ha | 21 133 | Study performed with 14C‐phenyl benomyl (FAO, 1998) | |
Cereals/grass | Rice | Foliar, 2 × 2.25 kg/ha | –14, 0, 35 | Study performed with 14C‐phenyl benomyl (EFSA, 2010, 2014) | |
Pulses/oilseeds | Beans | Foliar, 2 × 1.12 kg/ha | 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 | Study performed with 14C‐imidazole carbendazim Residues analysed in plants and beans (EFSA, 2010, 2014) | |
Soyabeans | Foliar, 2 × 1.1 kg/ha | –14, 0, 35 | Study performed with 14C‐phenyl benomyl (FAO, 1998; EFSA, 2014) | ||
Rotational crops (available studies) | Crop groups | Crop(s) | Application(s) | PBI (DAT) | Comment/Source |
Root/tuber crops | Beet | Bare soil, 1.12 kg/ha | 30 | [2‐14C]‐carbendazim (EFSA, 2010, 2014) Studies available but not relevant since only import tolerances under assessment. | |
Bare soil, 3.36 kg/ha | 120 | ||||
Radish | 3 mg carbendazim/kg soil | 224 | 14C‐carbendazim (EFSA, 2010, 2014) | ||
Leafy crops | Cabbages | Bare soil, 1.12 kg/ha | 30 | [2‐14C]‐carbendazim (EFSA, 2010, 2014) Same comment as above. | |
Bare soil, 3.36 kg/ha | 120 | ||||
Lettuce | 3 mg carbendazim/kg soil | 224 | 14C‐carbendazim (EFSA, 2010, 2014) Same comment as above. | ||
Pulses and oilseeds | Soybean | Bare soil, 2.24 kg/ha | 60 | 80:20 mix of 14C‐labelled carbendazim and 2‐AB (EFSA, 2010, 2014) Same comment as above. | |
Alfalfa | Bare soil, 2.24 kg/ha | 60 | |||
Cereal (small grain) | Barley | Bare soil, 1.12 kg/ha | 30 | [2‐14C]‐carbendazim (EFSA, 2010, 2014) Same comment as above. | |
Bare soil, 3.36 kg/ha | 145 | ||||
Rye grass | Bare soil, 2.24 kg/ha | 60 | 80:20 mix of 14C‐labelled carbendazim and 2‐AB (EFSA, 2010, 2014) Same comment as above. | ||
Processed commodities (hydrolysis study) | Conditions | Stable? | Comment/Source | ||
Pasteurisation (20 min, 90°C, pH 4) | Yes | EFSA (2010, 2014) | |||
Baking, brewing and boiling (60 min, 100°C, pH 5) | Yes | EFSA (2010, 2014) | |||
Sterilisation (20 min, 120°C, pH 6) | Yes | EFSA (2010, 2014) |