Table 3.
A list of sporadic mouse models developed by injection of tau seeding materials
| Genetic background | Injection sites & length | Injection materials | Type ofp-tau + cells | Type of tau lesions | Brain areas with lesions | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALZ17 (tg mice expressing WT human tau) (3-mo) | HPC, CTX (for 6–15 months) | AD brain homogenates | Neuron, olig | NFTs, NTs, dystrophic neurites, coiled bodies | HPC and several connected areas (e.g., fim, amyg, thalamus, etc.); PiD-induced lesions were limited to injection sites | [26] |
| TD brain homogenates | Neuron, olig | NFTs, NTs, coiled bodies | ||||
| PiD brain homogenates | Neuron, olig | Short and thick NTs, coiled bodies | ||||
| PSP brain homogenates | Neuron, olig, astro | Nerve cell body inclusions, NTs, coiled bodies, tufted astrocytes | ||||
| CBD brain homogenates | Neuron, olig, astro | Nerve cell body inclusions, NTs, coiled bodies, astrocytic plaques | ||||
| AGD brain homogenates | Neuron, olig, astro | Argyrophilic grains, NFTs, coiled bodies, non-fibrillar astrocytic pathology | ||||
| Non-tg mice (C57BL/6; 2-3-mo) | HPC, CTX (for 1–9 months) | Sark-insoluble AD-tau | Neuron | Pretangles | HPC, CTX | [28] |
| Sark-insoluble PSP-tau | Neuron, olig, astro | Mature tangles, coiled bodies, tufted astrocytes, astrocytic plaques | HPC, CTX, fim, CC | |||
| Sark-insoluble CBD-tau | Neuron, olig, astro | Mature tangles, coiled bodies, astrocytic plaques | HPC, CTX, fim, CC | |||
| Non-tg mice (C57BL/6; 3–7 mo) | Ventricles, HPC (for 3–7 months) | Sark-insoluble ARTAG-tau | Neuron, olig, astro | p-tau + neurons/oligo/astro | HPC, fim, CC, fornix | [184] |
| Non-tg mice (C57BL/6; 3- 12-mo) | HPC, CC, and CPu (for 4–7 months) | Sark-insoluble GGT-tau | Neuron, olig | Pretangles, NTs, coiled bodies | HPC, fim, CC, CPu | [114] |
| TauKDncre;fl/fl(specific knockdown of neuronal mouse tau; age n/d) | HPC, CTX (for 3–6 months) | Sark-insoluble AD-tau | Little to no p-tau + cells | No tau lesions | No tau lesions | [185] |
| Sark-insoluble PSP-tau | Neuron, olig, astro | NTs, coiled bodies, tufted astrocytes | HPC, fim, CC | |||
| Sark-insoluble CBD-tau | Neuron, olig, astro | NTs, coiled bodies, astrocytic plaques, | HPC, fim, CC | |||
| 6hTau (expressing all six human tau isoforms; no endogenous mouse tau; 3-5-mo) | HPC, CTX (for 1–9 months) | Sark-insoluble AD-tau | Neuron | NFTs, NTs | HPC, CTX | [186] |
| Sark-insoluble PSP-tau | Neuron, olig, astro | NFTs, NTs, p-tau + oligodendrocytes, tufted astrocytes | HPC, CTX, fim | |||
| Sark-insoluble CBD-tau | Neuron, olig, astro | NFTs, NTs, p-tau + oligodendrocytes, astrocytic plaques | HPC, CTX, fim, CC | |||
| Sark-insoluble PiD-tau | Neuron, olig | NFTs, NTs, p-tau + oligodendrocytes | HPC, CTX, fim |
Abbreviation: AD Alzheimer’s disease; AGD argyrophilic grain disease; amyg amygdala; ARTAG aging-related tau astrogliopathy; astro astrocyte; CBD corticobasal degeneration; CC corpus callosum; CPu caudate/putamen; CTX cortex; DG dentate gyrus; fim fimbria; GGT globular glial tauopathy; HPC hippocampus; mo month-old; n/d not described; NFT neurofibrillary tangles; NT neuropil thread; olig oligodendrocyte; PiD Pick’s disease; PSP progressive supranuclear palsy; sark sarkosyl; TD tangle-only dementia; tg transgenic