Table 1.

PEDro assessment for the included RCTs.

Study identification number	Eligibility criteria	Randomly allocated to groups	Concealed allocation	Blind subjects	Blind therapists	Blind assessors	Adequate follow-up	Intention-to-treat analysis	Between-group comparisons	Point estimates and variability provided	Total score
Pompeu et al. (28)	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	7
Pedreira et al. (29)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	5
Pazzaglia et al. (30)	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	6
Liao et al. (31)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	8
Gandolfi et al. (32)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	7
Fontoura et al. (33)	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	7
Feng et al. (34)	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	6
Allen et al. (35)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	7
Pavez-adasme et al. (36)	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	5
Santos et al. (37)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	7
Shen and Mak (38)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	8
Shih et al. (39)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	6
Yang et al. (40)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	8
Tollar et al. (41)	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	7

PEDro, Physiotherapy Evidence Database; RCT, randomized controlled trial.