Table 1.
Participant characteristics. Percentages are reported as valid %
| N/mean | %/SD | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Female | 323 | 49.2% | |
| Male | 333 | 50.8% | |
| Age (yrs) | 42.85 | 12.22 | |
| Language | |||
| Arabic | 514 | 78.4% | |
| Farsi | 65 | 9.9% | |
| Tamil | 18 | 2.7% | |
| English | 59 | 9.0% | |
| Country-of-origin | |||
| Iraq | 385 | 61.3% | |
| Syria | 111 | 17.7% | |
| Iran | 67 | 10.7% | |
| Sri Lanka | 20 | 3.2% | |
| Afghanistan | 10 | 1.6% | |
| Other | 35 | 4.5% | |
| Visa status | |||
| Secure | 561 | 86.2% | |
| Insecure | 90 | 13.8% | |
| Time in Australia (yrs) | 4.64 | 1.70 | |
| Employment | |||
| Employed | 209 | 31.9% | |
| Unemployed | 345 | 52.6% | |
| Studying | 102 | 15.5% | |
| Marital status | |||
| Married or de facto | 503 | 76.9% | |
| Single | 113 | 17.3% | |
| Separated or divorced | 21 | 3.2% | |
| Deceased spouse | 17 | 2.6% | |
| PTE exposure (event type count) | 3.88 | 4.08 | |
| PTSD | |||
| Probable PTSD diagnosis (DSM-5) | 183 | 32.9% | |
| PTSD symptom severity (PDS-5) | 0.61 | 0.70 | |
| Depression | |||
| Probable Depression diagnosis (DSM-5) | 106 | 17.3% | |
| Depression symptom severity (PHQ-9) | 0.80 | 0.67 | |
| Anxiety | |||
| Probably GAD diagnosis (DSM-5) | 122 | 19.8% | |
| Anxiety symptom severity (GAD-7) | 0.85 | 0.79 | |
| Health anxiety | |||
| Probable health anxiety diagnosis (BSQ) | 144 | 23.3% | |
| Health anxiety symptom severity (BSQ) | 1.09 | 0.90 | |
| Disability (WHO-DAS 12) | 12.19 | 10.07 | |
| COVID-19 stressors | |||
| Infection stressors | 2.99 | 1.23 | |
| Social stressors | 2.21 | 0.90 | |
| Accessing support stressors | 1.66 | 1.33 | |
| Trusting authority stressors | 1.53 | 0.79 | |
| Fears relating to the future | 2.11 | 1.14 | |
| Reminders of difficult past experiences | 2.33 | 1.32 | |