Figure 2 |. Biocatalytic alkylation reaction using activated electrophilic cofactors or substrates as alkyl donors.
a | Methylation reactions catalysed by SAM-dependent enzymes can be diversified with the use of synthetic SAM analogues for broader C–C alkylation reactions.50 b | The diphosphate prenyl donors and acceptors in prenyltransferase-catalysed reactions can be modified for catalyst- and substrate-controlled site-selective alkylation reactions.54,55 c | Tryptophan synthase, a PLP-dependent enzyme, has been engineered to catalyse alkylation reactions on substituted indoles, nitro alkanes, and oxindoles.63–68 d | CylK utilizes an alkyl halide in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of resorcinol derivatives.69,70