. 2021 Aug 23;11:17026. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96439-9

Table 1.

Kinetic parameters related to the initiation, propagation, and termination phases of the stripped sunflower oil peroxidation (Control) containing lecithin (LEC), ferulic acid (FRA), ethyl ferulate (EFR), γ-oryzanol (GOR), and their combinations at 60 °C.

Sample	Kinetic parameters related to initiation and propagation phases
Sample	IP^A	E^B	k₁ (× 10²)^C	R_or^D	A^E	ROOH_IP^F	PP^G	k_f (× 10²)^H	k_d (× 10⁴)^I
Control	194 ± 2^h*	–	9.00 ± 0.05^a	–	–	18.2 ± 0.3^b	127 ± 5^d	2.87 ± 0.01^a	1.35 ± 0.01^a
LEC	352 ± 4^g	1.82 ± 0.07^g	8.15 ± 0.03^b	0.91 ± 0.00^a	2.0 ± 0.2^f	29.4 ± 0.3^a	210 ± 9^b	1.69 ± 0.02^d	0.64 ± 0.04^d
FRA	934 ± 9^d	4.82 ± 0.03^d	1.85 ± 0.02^h	0.21 ± 0.00^g	23.4 ± 0.5^b	18.1 ± 0.2^b	173 ± 7^c	2.11 ± 0.00^c	1.02 ± 0.01^c
EFR	765 ± 7^e	3.95 ± 0.03^e	2.29 ± 0.01^f	0.25 ± 0.00^e	15.5 ± 0.2^d	18.3 ± 0.5^b	168 ± 10^c	2.16 ± 0.01^b	1.11 ± 0.00^b
GOR	730 ± 5^f	3.77 ± 0.04^f	2.46 ± 0.00^d	0.27 ± 0.00^c	13.7 ± 0.2^e	18.7 ± 0.3^b	167 ± 4^c	2.16 ± 0.00^b	1.08 ± 0.01^b
LEC + FRA	1453 ± 19^a	7.50 ± 0.07^a	1.96 ± 0.01^g	0.22 ± 0.00^f	34.4 ± 0.6^a	29.2 ± 0.2^a	269 ± 12^a	1.32 ± 0.01^f	0.50 ± 0.00^f
LEC + EFR	1202 ± 10^b	6.20 ± 0.04^b	2.39 ± 0.01^e	0.27 ± 0.00^d	23.3 ± 0.3^b	29.5 ± 0.5^a	251 ± 5^a	1.40 ± 0.00^e	0.56 ± 0.01^e
LEC + GOR	1112 ± 8^c	5.74 ± 0.03^c	2.53 ± 0.01^c	0.28 ± 0.00^b	20.4 ± 0.1^c	28.9 ± 0.4^a	256 ± 9^a	1.38 ± 0.00^e	0.56 ± 0.00^e

Sample	Continues kinetic parameters
Sample	[ROOH]_max^J	M_R^K	${N_{M}}_{R}$ (× 10³)^L	${[ROOH]}_{M_{R}}$ ^M	$t_{M_{R}}$ ^N	a^O	Et_PP^P	O_R (× 10³)^Q	${CV}_{M_{R}}$ ^R
Control	214 ± 8^c*	1.53 ± 0.02^a	7.18 ± 0.02^a	107 ± 2^b	251 ± 5^h	− 59 ± 2^e	321 ± 7^h	2.15 ± 0.2^g	55.6 ± 0.4^a
LEC	263 ± 11^ab	1.11 ± 0.00^b	4.23 ± 0.00^d	131 ± 5^a	444 ± 9^g	− 126 ± 3^f	562 ± 11^g	4.32 ± 0.1^f	47.1 ± 0.6^b
FRA	206 ± 5^c	1.09 ± 0.01^b	5.27 ± 0.02^c	103 ± 3^b	1012 ± 21^d	576 ± 31^bc	1107 ± 10^d	50.3 ± 0.4^b	36.4 ± 0.3^e
EFR	195 ± 4^c	1.06 ± 0.02^b	5.40 ± 0.03^b	98 ± 5^b	840 ± 13^e	419 ± 24^d	933 ± 16^e	33.4 ± 0.5^d	40.1 ± 0.4^d
GOR	200 ± 7^c	1.08 ± 0.00^b	5.41 ± 0.01^b	100 ± 6^b	805 ± 8^f	383 ± 15^d	897 ± 7^f	29.6 ± 0.3^e	42.0 ± 0.4^c
LEC + FRA	264 ± 7^a	0.87 ± 0.00^c	3.31 ± 0.00^f	132 ± 6^a	1570 ± 23^a	822 ± 35^a	1721 ± 25^a	74.1 ± 0.9^a	32.5 ± 0.5^g
LEC + EFR	249 ± 9^ab	0.87 ± 0.00^c	3.50 ± 0.02^e	125 ± 4^a	1311 ± 10^b	613 ± 22^b	1453 ± 13^b	50.2 ± 0.7^b	35.2 ± 0.3^f
LEC + GOR	244 ± 5^b	0.84 ± 0.01^d	3.45 ± 0.02^e	122 ± 5^a	1222 ± 17^c	513 ± 26^c	1367 ± 17^c	44.0 ± 0.8^c	37.7 ± 0.6^e

*In each column and in each section, means (± standard deviation) with different lowercase letters are significantly different (P < 0.05). ^AInduction period (min), ^Beffectiveness, ^Cinitiation rate constant (meq kg⁻¹ min⁻¹), ^Dratio of the oxidation rate, ^Eantioxidant activity, ^Fthe hydroperoxides concentration at the induction period (meq kg⁻¹), ^Gpropagation period (min), ^Hrate constant of the hydroperoxide formation in the propagation phase (min⁻¹), ^Irate constant of the hydroperoxide decomposition in the propagation phase (meq kg⁻¹ min⁻¹), ^Jmaximum of the hydroperoxides concentration (meq kg⁻¹), ^Kmaximum rate of the hydroperoxide formation (meq kg⁻¹ min⁻¹), ^Lnormalized form of the maximum rate (min⁻¹), ^Mthe hydroperoxides concentration at the turning point (meq kg⁻¹); ^Nthe occurrence time of the turning point (min), ^Ooverall integration constant (kg meq⁻¹), ^Pend time of the propagation phase (min), ^Qthe oxidation resistance (min/meq kg⁻¹), ^Rcarbonyl value in the turning point (μM g⁻¹).