Fig. 1.
Glut1 encodes the primary glucose transporter in primary chondrocytes, and deletion of Glut1 leads to diminished glucose metabolism in chondrocytes. N = 3. a–b Gene expression of different glucose transporters in normal primary costal (GP) chondrocytes (a) and articular (AC) chondrocytes (b) as assayed by RT-qPCR. All mRNA abundances were normalized to that of β-actin. N = 3. *P < 0.05. c Immunostaining for Glut1 in knee sections of C57/BJ6 wild-type mice at 5 and 22 months. N = 3. Scale bar, 100 μm. d–e Gene expression of different glucose transporters in Ad-Con (control; Con)- or Ad-Cre (KO)-transduced Glut1f/f primary GPs (d) and AC chondrocytes (e). The abundance of each individual mRNA in Glut1 KO cells was normalized to that in control cells. N = 3. *P < 0.05. f–i Glucose consumption and lactate secretion by control and Glut1 KO primary GP (f–g) and AC (h–i) chondrocytes over 24 h. The data were normalized to the genomic DNA content and are expressed as the mean ± SD. N = 5. *P < 0.05