Table 2.

Expression of select pyroptotic components in cancers and their associated consequence(s)

Cancer type	Setting	Cancer line/ model/tissue	Pyroptotic component	Relative expression	Associated consequence(s) of relative expression	Ref
Breast cancer	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	GSDMB	Increased	↑ Metastasis & ↓ Patient survival	[46]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	GSDME	Decreased	↑ Metastasis	[47]
	In vitro: -	MDA-MB-231		Decreased*	↑ Invasion	[47]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	Caspase-1	Decreased	N/A	[48]
	In vitro: -	MDA-MB-231		Decreased*	↑ Proliferation & Invasion	[48]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	NLRP1	Increased	↑ Metastasis	[49]
	In vivo: mouse	MCF-7		Increased	↑ Tumorigenicity & Invasion	[49]
Colorectal cancer	In vivo: mouse	LoVo	GSDMC	Increased	↑ Tumor growth	[50]
	In vitro: -	DLD-1, LoVo		Increased	↑ Proliferation	[50]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	GSDME	Decreased	N/A	[51]
	In vitro: -	HCT116		Decreased*	↑ Cell growth	[51]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	AIM2	Decreased	↓ Patient survival	[52]
	In vivo: mouse	AOM-DSS	Caspase-1	Decreased*	↑ Tumorigenesis	[53]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	NLRP1	Decreased	↑ Metastasis & ↓ Patient survival	[54]
Gastric cancer	In vitro: -	MKN28	GSDMA	Decreased	↑ Cell growth	[55]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	GSDMB	Decreased	N/A	[35]
	In vitro: -	MKN28		Increased*	No change in cell growth	[56]
	In vitro: -	MKN28	GSDMC	Increased*	↓ Cell growth	[56]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	GSDMD	Decreased	N/A	[57]
	In vivo: mouse	BGC823		Increased*	↓ Tumor growth	[57]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	GSDME	Decreased	N/A	[58]
	In vivo: mouse	AOM		Decreased*	No changes reported	[59]
Glioma	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	Caspase-1	Increased	N/A	[60]
	In vitro: -	U87, T98G		Increased*	↑ Proliferation & Mobility	[60]
Hepatocellular carcinoma	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	AIM2	Decreased	↑ Tumor progression	[61]
	In vitro: -	HuH-7		Increased*	↓ Proliferation & Invasion	[61]
Lung cancer	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	GSDMD	Increased	↑ Tumor size &	[27]
	In vivo: mouse	PC9		Decreased*	↑ Metastasis stage ↓ Tumor growth	[27]
Melanoma	In vitro: -	1205Lu	NLRP1	Increased*	↑ TMZ resistance	[62]
	In vivo: human	Primary tissue		Decreased	N/A	[63]
	In vivo: mouse	1205Lu		Decreased*	↓ Tumor growth	[63]
Prostate cancer	In vivo: human	Primary tissue	Caspase-1	Decreased	N/A	[64]

* indicates expression was forced or a consequence of experimental treatment during functional studies. The term relative expression is used broadly here and includes mRNA and/or protein level expression depending on the study. AIM2, absent in melanoma 2; AOM, azoxymethane; DSS, dextran sodium sulfate; GSDMA/B/C/D/E, gasdermin A/B/C/D/E; NLRP1, NLR family pyrin domain-containing 1; TMZ, temozolomide