Table 2.
Characteristics of participants of Turkish descent recruited at various steps in the NAKO study center Berlin-Center
| Recruitment steps | (Invitation and two reminder letters) N = 229 |
Additional home visits N = 40 |
Total N = 269 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline variables | n | % (95%CI) | n | % (95%CI) | n | % (95%CI) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 143 | 62.4 (56.0-68.5) | 11 | 27.5 (16.1-42.8) | 154 | 57.2 (51.3-63.0) |
| Female | 86 | 37.6 (31.5-44.0) | 29 | 72.5 (57.2-83.9) | 115 | 42.8 (37.0-48.7) |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 46.5 (11.7) | 49.3 (11.0) | 46.9 (11.6) | |||
| 20 - 29 | 31 | 13.5 (9.7-18.6) | 4 | 10.0 (4.0-23.1) | 35 | 13.0 (9.5-17.6) |
| 30 - 39 | 25 | 10.9 (7.5-15.6) | 2 | 5.0 (1.4-16.5) | 27 | 10.0 (7.0-14.2) |
| 40 - 49 | 88 | 38.4 (32.4-44.9) | 13 | 32.5 (20.1-48.0) | 101 | 37.5 (32.0-43.5) |
| 50 - 59 | 54 | 23.6 (18.5-29.5) | 17 | 42.5 (28.5-57.8) | 71 | 26.4 (21.5-32.0) |
| 60 - 69 | 31 | 13.5 (9.7-18.6) | 4 | 10.0 (4.0-23.1) | 35 | 13.0 (9.5-17.6) |
| Place of Birth | ||||||
| Born in Turkey | 164 | 71.9 (65.8-77.4) | 35 | 89.7 (76.4-95.9) | 199 | 74.5 (69.0-79.4) |
| Born in Germany | 64 | 28.1 (22.6-34.2) | 4 | 10.3 (4.1-23.6) | 68 | 25.5 (20.6-31.0) |
| German as Native Language | ||||||
| No | 170 | 74.2 (68.2-79.5) | 33 | 84.6 (70.3-92.8) | 203 | 75.7 (70.3-80.5) |
| Yes | 59 | 25.8 (20.5-31.8) | 6 | 15.4 (7.2-29.7) | 65 | 24.3 (19.5-29.7) |
| Level of German Language | ||||||
| Good (very good; good) | 87 | 51.5 (44.0-58.9) | 12 | 35.3 (21.5-52.1) | 99 | 48.8 (42.0-55.6) |
| Weak (medium; bad; very bad) | 82 | 48.5 (41.1-56.0) | 22 | 64.7 (47.9-78.5) | 104 | 51.2 (44.4-58.0) |
| Years since immigration | ||||||
| 0-10 years | 6 | 3.9 (1.8-8.2) | 2 | 6.3 (1.7-20.1) | 8 | 4.3 (2.2-8.2) |
| > 10-20 years | 17 | 11.0 (7.0-17.0) | 4 | 11.8 (4.7-26.6) | 21 | 11.1 (7.4-16.5) |
| > 20 years | 131 | 85.1 (78.6- 89.8) | 28 | 82.4 (66.5-91.7) | 159 | 84.6 (78.7-89.0) |
| Marital Status | ||||||
| With partner | 130 | 56.8 (50.3-63.0) | 31 | 77.5 (62.5-87.8) | 161 | 60.1 (54.1-65.8) |
| Without partner | 98 | 42.8 (36.6-49.3) | 9 | 22.5 (12.3-37.5) | 107 | 39.9 (34.2-45.9) |
| Employment Status | ||||||
| Fulltime/Part-time/Parental leave | 135 | 68.5 (61.7-74.6) | 17 | 53.1 (36.4-69.1) | 152 | 66.4 (60.0-72.2) |
| Retired | 26 | 13.2 (9.2-18.6) | 6 | 18.8 (8.9-35.3) | 32 | 14.0 (10.1-19.1) |
| Unemployed | 31 | 15.7 (11.3-21.5) | 7 | 21.9 (11.0-38.8) | 38 | 16.6 (12.3-22.0) |
| Permanently disabled | 5 | 2.5 (1.1-5.8) | 2 | 6.3 (1.7-20.1) | 7 | 3.1 (1.5-6.2) |
| Average income per household member | ||||||
| < 500 euros | 56 | 28.3 (22.5-34.9) | 14 | 38.9 (24.8-55.1) | 70 | 29.9 (24.4-36.1) |
| 500 – 1000 euros | 83 | 41.9 (35.3-48.9) | 18 | 50.0 (34.5-65.5) | 101 | 43.2 (37.0-50.0) |
| 1000-2500 euros | 51 | 25.8 (20.2-32.3) | 4 | 11.1 (4.4-25.3) | 55 | 23.5 (18.5-29.3) |
| 2500-4000 euros | 3 | 1.5 (0.5-4.4) | 0 | 0 (0-8.8) | 3 | 1.3 (0.4-3.7) |
| > 4000 euros | 5 | 2.5 (1.1-5.8) | 0 | 0 (0-8.8) | 5 | 2.1 (0.9-4.9) |
| Education | ||||||
| Dropped out of school | 21 | 9.2 (6.1-13.6) | 7 | 17.5 (8.7-31.9) | 28 | 10.4 (7.3-14.6) |
| Low (< 10 years) | 66 | 28.8 (23.3-35.0) | 25 | 62.5 (47.0-75.8) | 91 | 33.8 (28.4-36.7) |
| Middle (10-12 years) | 48 | 21.0 (16.2-26.7) | 2 | 5.0 (1.4-16.5) | 50 | 18.6 (14.4-23.7) |
| High (> 12 years) | 85 | 37.1 (31.1-43.5) | 4 | 10.0 (4.0-23.1) | 89 | 33.1 (27.7-38.9) |
| missing | 9 | 3.9 (2.1-7.3) | 2 | 5.0 (1.4-16.5) | 11 | 4.1 (2.3-7.2) |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 28.0 (4.7) | 30.6 (5.5) | 28.4 (4.9) | |||
| Normal weight (18.5 to < 25.0 kg/m2) | 55 | 25.6 (20.2-31.8) | 7 | 17.5 (8.7-31.9) | 62 | 24.3 (19.5-29.9) |
| Overweight (25.0 to < 30.0 kg/m2) | 100 | 46.5 (40.0-53.2) | 14 | 35.0 (22.1-50.5) | 114 | 44.7 (38.7-50.8) |
| Obesity (≥30.0 kg/m2) | 60 | 27.9 (22.3-34.3) | 19 | 47.5 (32.9-62.5) | 79 | 31.0 (25.6-36.9) |
| Smoking Status | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 72 | 40.7 (33.7-48.0) | 7 | 35.0 (18.1-56.7) | 79 | 40.1 (33.5-47.1) |
| Ex-smoker | 41 | 23.2 (17.6-29.9) | 4 | 20.0 (8.1-41.6) | 45 | 22.8 (17.5-29.2) |
| Current smoker | 64 | 36.2 (29.4-43.5) | 9 | 45.0 (25.8-65.8) | 73 | 37.1 (30.6-44.0) |
| Cardiovascular Diseases | ||||||
| Heart attack | 6 | 2.6 (1.2-5.6) | 1 | 2.5 (0.4-12.9) | 7 | 2.6 (1.3-5.3) |
| Angina pectoris | 8 | 3.5 (1.8-6.7) | 1 | 2.5 (0.4-12.9) | 9 | 3.3 (1.8-6.2) |
| Heart failure | 5 | 2.2 (0.9-5.0) | 2 | 5.0 (1.4-16.5) | 7 | 2.6 (1.3-5.3) |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 15 | 6.6 (4.0-10.5) | 1 | 2.5 (0.4-12.9) | 16 | 5.9 (3.7-9.4) |
| Intermittent claudication | 3 | 1.3 (0.4-3.8) | 0 | 0 (0-8.8) | 3 | 1.1 (0.4-3.2) |
| Stroke | 2 | 0.9 (0.2-3.1) | 0 | 0 (0-8.8) | 2 | 0.7 (0.2-2.7) |
| Other | ||||||
| Chronic back pain | 74 | 32.3 (26.6-38.6) | 10 | 25.0 (14.2-40.2) | 84 | 31.2 (26.0-37.0) |
| Arthritis | 27 | 11.8 (8.2-16.6) | 6 | 15.0 (7.1-29.1) | 33 | 12.3 (8.9-16.7) |
| Osteoporosis | 11 | 4.8 (2.7-8.4) | 0 | 0 (0-8.8) | 11 | 4.1 (2.3-7.2) |
| Diabetes | 23 | 10.1 (6.8-14.6) | 8 | 20.0 (10.5-34.8) | 31 | 11.5 (8.2-15.9) |
| Cancer | 4 | 1.7 (0.7-4.4) | 2 | 5.0 (1.4-16.5) | 6 | 2.2 (1.0-4.8) |
| Depression | 54 | 23.6 (18.5-29.5) | 14 | 35.0 (22.1-50.5) | 68 | 25.3 (20.5-30.8) |
CI confidence interval, SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index