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. 2021 Aug 24;19:201. doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02061-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Complement fixation on VAR2CSA is associated with gravidity and P. falciparum peripheral infection status at enrolment. Complement C1q and C3 fixation was tested either on CS2 pRBCS by flow cytometry or on recombinant VAR2CSA-DBL5 (3D7) and VAR2CSA-DBL3 (7G8) domains by ELISA using samples from 302 PNG donors (primigravid n=115, multigravid n=187; non-infected=199, infected n=103). Complement A C1q and B C3 fixation on CS2 pRBCs by gravidity. Complement C1q fixation on C VAR2CSA-DBL5 (3D7) and D VAR2CSA-DBL3 (7G8) by gravidity. Complement E C1q and F C3 fixation on CS2 pRBCs by P. falciparum infection status at enrolment. Complement C1q fixation on G VAR2CSA-DBL5 (3D7) and H VAR2CSA-DBL3 (7G8) by P. falciparum infection status at enrolment. Data are presented as the average gMFI (flow cytometry) or optical density (OD; by ELISA) of each sample tested in duplicate and the red line represents the median gMFI or OD. P values were calculated using the Mann-Whitney U test