Table 1. Perioperative Cardiac Implications of Ebstein’s Anomaly.

Risk for arrhythmias

Right-to-left shunting at the atrial level

Risk of paradoxical emboli

Shunt with hypoxemia

Pooling and recirculation of blood in the right atrium

Decreased onset of action of intravenously administered medications

Potential for increased pulmonary vascular resistance

Right ventricular dysfunction

Left ventricular dysfunction due to RV dilation with displacement of the ventricular septum with compression of the left ventricular chamber and impairment of ventricular filling

RV: right ventricle.