TABLE 2.

Involved caspases in PTOX derivatives treatment.

Caspases	PTOX derivatives	References
Caspase-3	DPMA, 4-aza-2,3-didehydropodophyllotoxins, triazolo linked PTOX conjugates, deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT), and biotinylated PTOX derivatives	Kamal et al., 2011b, 2014; Sang et al., 2013; Hui et al., 2016; Vishnuvardhan et al., 2017; Zi et al., 2019
Caspas-8	Hybrids of PTOX and formononetin	Yang et al., 2019
Caspase-9	4β-amidopodophyllotoxins	Kamal et al., 2013
Caspase-3 and -9	OAMDP and spin-labeled PTOX derivatives	Yang et al., 2017; Ren et al., 2018
Caspase-3, -8, and -9	β-apopicropodophyllin, PTOX acetate, aromatic heterocyclic esters of PTOX, and acid-PTOX conjugate	Choi et al., 2015a,b; Hong et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2016b, 2017b; Kim et al., 2018