WT mice (both genders, 3 month old) were employed for these experiments. Mice were divided into four groups with various treatments (± KVA-D-88 ± cocaine). Mice were pre-injected with KVA-D-88 (i.p.) 30 min later followed with cocaine injection (20 mg/kg, i.p.). Mice were then immediately put into open field to record their locomotor activity for 45 min. (A) The effects of KVA-D88 (10 mg/kg) on acute locomotion responses in male WT mice (* P < 0.05, cocaine vs. control; # P < 0.05, cocaine + KVA-D-88 vs. cocaine; n = 6 – 8). (B) The effects of KVA-D88 (5 mg/kg) on acute locomotion responses in male WT mice (* P < 0.05, cocaine vs. control; # P < 0.05, cocaine + KVA-D-88 vs. cocaine; n = 6 – 8). (C) The effects of KVA-D88 (10 mg/kg) on acute locomotion responses in female WT mice (* P < 0.05, cocaine vs. control; # P < 0.05, cocaine + KVA-D-88 vs. cocaine; n = 6 – 8). (D) The effects of KVA-D88 (5 mg/kg) on acute locomotion responses in female WT mice (* P < 0.05, cocaine vs. control; # P < 0.05, cocaine + KVA-D-88 vs. cocaine; n = 6 – 8). (E) The effects of KVA-D-88 on cocaine-mediated sensitization on locomotor activity (* P < 0.05; cocaine vs. control, # P < 0.05, cocaine + KVA-D-88 vs. cocaine; n = 6 – 8).