Table 1.
Summary of the published studies of bariatric surgery in transplant patients
| Organ transplanted | Study (first author, year of publication, and reference) | Type of bariatric surgery | Patients (n) | Mean/median period between transplantation and bariatric surgery | Effect on weight | Comorbidities |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liver | Tichansky 2005[43] | RYGB | 1 (A 49-year-old women) | 2 years | Decreased BMI from 54 to 43 kg/m2 | Arthritis, DM, HTN, hyperlipidemia, GERD, depression, and a history of a previous orthotopic liver transplant for hepatitis C induced cirrhosis |
| Butte 2007[33] | Open sleeve gastrectomy (combined with Roux-en-Y biliary reconstruction) | 1 | 2 months | Decreased BMI from 47 to 29.8 kg/m2 | DM and arterial HTN | |
| Al-Nowaylati 2013[38] | RYGB | 7 | 26.57±8.64 years | Decreased BMI from 44.34±6.08 kg/m2 to 26.47±5.53 kg/m2 | DM, HTN, hyperlipidemia, GERD, vascular disease, and OSA | |
| Lin 2013[34] | Sleeve gastrectomy | 9 | 5.9±2.4 years | Decreased % EWL of 55.5% at 6 months and 70% at 2 years | Not mentioned | |
| Tariciotti 2016[44] | Sleeve gastrectomy | 1 (A 53-year-old woman) | 5 months | Decreased BMI from 40 to 29 kg/m2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma and HCV related, cirrhosis, and morbid obesity | |
| Tsamalaidze 2018[36] | LSG | 12 | 63.1±33.2 months | Mean BMI decrease of 12.9 kg/m2 | Nine of 12 had metabolic syndrome and DM due to liver transplant and immunosuppressive therapy, which was resolved in four of them after LSG | |
| Osseis 2018[35] | Sleeve gastrectomy | 6 | Median: 44 months (Range: 36-46.7 months) | Median % EWL and BMI of 76% (Range: 25%-119%) and 29 kg/m2 (Range: 21-39 kg/m2) at 1 year | DM, HTN, OSA, dyslipidemia, and hypothyroidism | |
| Safwan 2017[29] | RYGB, sleeve gastrectomy, and jejunoileal bypass | 11 | 11.6±11 years | Mean BMI of 28.3±5.8, 28.0±3.2, and 31.0±6.6 kg/m2 at 1, 6, and 12 months postliver transplant | Not mentioned | |
| Liver and kidney | Lin 2013[34] | Sleeve gastrectomy | 9 | 16.6±14 months | 61.5% loss of EWL | Mesh dehiscence after synchronous incisional hernia repair, bile leak, postoperative dysphagia |
| Kidney | Szomstein 2010[37] | RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy | 5 | Not mentioned | Percentage EWL of over 50% at 2 years for all of patients | DM, HTN, hyperlipidemia, polycystic ovarian syndrome, peripheral vascular disease, and CHF |
| Arias 2010[41] | Gastric bypass | 5 | Ranged between 18 and 48 months | Mean weight loss of-33.4 kg | DM, HTN, and hyperlipidemia | |
| Golomb 2014[18] | LSG | 10 | Median: 6 years (Range: 0.4-8 years) | Median % EWL of 54% at 3 months, 57% at 6 months, and 75% 1 year | Not mentioned | |
| Gazzetta 2017[42] | Sleeve gastrectomy | 6 | Median: 91 months (Range: 31-131 months) | Mean % EWL of 27.6% at 1 month, 44.1% at 3 months, 74.2% at 6 months, and 75.9% at 12 months | Morbid obesity | |
| Heart and kidney | Rex 1991[39] | Vertical banded gastroplasty | 2 | Both 2 years | Loss of 56 kg (from 136 to 80 kg) for heart transplant patient and 54 kg (from 133 to 82 kg) for the kidney transplant patient | Not mentioned |
| Heart | Ablassmaier 2002[19] | LAGB | 1 (A 55-year-old man) | Not mentioned | Decreased BMI from 46 to 35.4 kg/m2 | Not mentioned |
| Tsamalaidze 2017[32] | RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy | 2 | 7 years and 2 years | Decreased BMI from 37.5 to 27.5 kg/m2 1 year after surgery for laparoscopic robotic-assisted RYGB, and from 36.1 to 30 kg/m2 1 year after surgery for LSG | HTN, hyperlipidemia, anemia, and hypomagnesaemia | |
| LVAD | Greene 2017[40] | Sleeve gastrectomy | 3 | Not mentioned | Average % EWL of 81% (Range: 75%-92%) | HTN, HF, and anemia |
LVAD=Left ventricular assist device; RYGB=Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; BMI=Body mass index; DM=Diabetes mellitus; HTN=Hypertension; GERD=Gastroesophageal reflux; OSA=Obstructive sleep apnea; EWL=Excess weight loss; LSG=Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; CHF=Chronic heart failure; LAGB=Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding; HCV=Hepatitis C virus