Assessment of cell injuries for bubble experiments. Representative fluorescence live/dead assay pictures. Static cultures (top) did lead to minor cell injury. Bubble flow resulted in significant cell death, and DEX, DHEA, and LAT and then flow exposure decreased cell injury significantly (bottom). Scale bars = 1 mm. DEX, dexamethasone; DHEA, trans-dehydroandrosterone; LAT, latrunculin A.