Table 3.
Germline CDH1 variants identified in the 243-case Japanse and trans-ethnic GCs in a recent report
| CDH1 variants | Exon | Domain | HDGCa | ClinVar | Polyphen2 (HumDiv) | Japanese 243 GCsb | Korean populationc | TCGA non-Asian 212 GCs | Japanese 105 DGCs | TCGA non-Asian 62 DGCs | DGC: Japanese vs. non-Asian | Japanese ToMMo 1070 individuals | Japanese DGC vs. ToMMo | 1000 Genomes EAS 504 individuals | 1000 Genomes EUR 503 individuals | 1000 Genome EAS vs. EUR | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Lauren’s classification | Family history of cancers | Age | Lauren’s classification | ||||||||||||||||
| p.G62V | Exon 3 | Precursor region | ◯ | Ref. # [83] | Uncertain significance | Probably damaging | 80s | IGC | Yes | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
| 60s | DGC | No | ||||||||||||||||||
| p.K182N | Exon 5 | Extracellular domain | ◯ | Ref. # [89] | Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity | benign | 30s | DGC | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| 40s | DGC | |||||||||||||||||||
| 50s | DGC | |||||||||||||||||||
| p.S270A | Exon 6 | Extracellular domain | Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity | benign | 1 | |||||||||||||||
| p.T340A | Exon 8 | Extracellular domain | ◯ | Ref. # [89, 90, 92] | Benign | benign | 80s | DGC | Yes | 2 | 6 | 1 | ||||||||
| 60s | DGC | No | ||||||||||||||||||
| 30s | DGC | |||||||||||||||||||
| p.T529A | Exon 11 | Extracellular domain | ◯ | Ref. # [89] | Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity | benign | 30s | DGC | ||||||||||||
| p.A592T | Exon 12 | Extracellular domain | Benign | Probably damaging | 5 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| p.L630V | Exon 12 | Extracellular domain | Benign | Probably damaging | 70s | DGC | Yes | 4 | 9 | 6 | ||||||||||
| 70s | DGC | No | ||||||||||||||||||
| 80s | IGC | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60s | DGC | No | ||||||||||||||||||
| 80s | DGC | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60s | IGC | Yes # | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60s | DGC | |||||||||||||||||||
| p.D777N | Exon 15 | Cytoplasmic domain | Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity | Probably damaging | 1 | |||||||||||||||
| p.V832M | Exon 16 | Cytoplasmic domain | ◯ | Ref. # [86, 92] | Benign | Probably damaging | 90s | DGC | No | 6 | 10 | 2 | ||||||||
| 50s | DGC | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
| 50s | DGC | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60s | IGC | No | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60s | DGC | No | ||||||||||||||||||
| 50s | DGC | Yes # | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60s | DGC | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||
| 70s | IGC | |||||||||||||||||||
| p.K870R | Exon 16 | Cytoplasmic domain | Not found | benign | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| p.E880K | Exon 16 | Cytoplasmic domain | ◯ | Ref. # [89] | Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity | Probably damaging | 30s | DGC | Yes | 1 | 7 | 2 | ||||||||
| 30s | DGC | |||||||||||||||||||
| 30s | DGC | |||||||||||||||||||
| 18 (7.41%) | 8 (3.77%) | 14 (13.33%) | 2 (3.23%) | 4.13-fold | 36 (3.36%) | 3.96-fold | 12 (2.38%) | 2 (0.40%) | 5.99-fold | |||||||||||
Germline CDH1 variants discovered in a recent report [Ref. #32] are listed. Mixed type GCs in the Lauren classification were categorized as DGC
DGC diffuse-type GC, IGC intestinal-type GC, EAS east Asian, EUR Europian populations
Lauren’s classification (if DGC), family history (if Yes), and GC case numbers among east Asians are highlighted as bold.
aReported in GC cases that met clinical criteria of HDGC such as strong femilial aggregation and/or extremely early onsets [Ref. #83, 86, 89, 90, 92]
bData from a recent study of large-scale trans-ethnic GCs [Ref. #32]
cCombined data from TCGA (Korean) and a large-scale Korean study of early onset GCs [Ref. #89]