Table 2.

Baseline characteristics among virtual and physical crossmatch cohorts before and after the 2014 kidney allocation system (KAS) implementation

	Pre-KAS (N = 31, 670)		Post-KAS (N = 49,801)
	Physical XM (N = 28,586)	Virtual XM (N = 3,084)	Physical XM (N = 43,253)	Virtual XM (N = 6,548)	P value (between VXM cohorts pre- and post-KAS
Donor age (years) #	40 [26, 51]	41 [25, 52]	39 [26, 50]	39 [27, 51]	0.9
Female donor (%)	39.7	37.9	38.7	38	0.9
Black Donor (%)	14	13.3	14.5	13.6	0.8
Donor creatinine (mg/dL),#	0.9 [0.7, 1.3]	1 [0.7, 1.4]	0.9 [0.7, 1.3]	1 [0.7, 1.5]	0.3
KDPI (%),#	39 [18, 63]	43 [20, 66]	37 [17, 60]	40 [20, 62]	0.02
KDPI > 85 (%)	6.3	7.7	4.9	5.9	0.001
DCD donor (%)	17	14.1	20.7	18.8	<0.001
Machine perfusion (%)	39.5	18.5	40	25	<0.001
Donor kidney biopsy (%)	48.7	43.9	48.5	46.4	0.02
Import kidney (%)	21.5	28.9	29.2	38.9	<0.001
Recipient age (years),#	56 [45, 64]	57 [47, 64]	54 [43, 63]	56 [45,64]	0.01
Female recipient (%)	39	36	41	38	0.02
Recipient race (%)					0.01
White	59.7	61.9	55.9	61.1
Black	32.3	23.4	35.4	26
Asian	6.2	12.9	6.5	11
Other	1.8	1.8	2.2	1.9
Pre-transplant dialysis (%)	88.7	85.5	89.6	86.2	0.4
Prior kidney transplantation (%)	13.1	8.3	14.1	9.5	0.05
CPRA (%)					<0.001
<10 %	65.2	75.7	61.7	69
10% - 80%	18.9	15.9	18.7	15.6
81% - 98%	13.1	7.2	8.7	7
99% −100%	2.9	1.2	11	8.4
Zero HLA ABDR mismatch (%)	8.3	7.3	4.6	5.6	0.002

^#Median [IQR]

CPRA: Calculated panel reactive antibody; DCD: Donation after cardiac death; HLA: Human leukocyte antigen; KDPI: Kidney donor profile index; PKD: Polycystic kidney disease; XM: crossmatch