Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of included subjects and comparison between infected and non-infected subjects and among patients infected by hepatitis B virus according to the phase of the infection (chronic hepatitis B vs inactive carriers)
|
|
Controls
|
Chronic hepatitis B
|
Inactive carriers
|
|
|
|
n
= 201
|
n
= 49
|
n
= 152
|
P value
1
|
P value
2
|
|
| Age, yr | 48.1 ± 10.2 | 48.4 ± 12.0 | 46.5 ± 13.4 | 0.29 | 0.28 |
| Male sex (%) | 103 (51.2) | 31 (64.6) | 84 (54.9) | 0.13 | 0.16 |
| Race (%) | < 0.001 | 0.48 | |||
| Caucasian | 186 (92.5) | 35 (72.9) | 102 (66.7) | ||
| Asian | 2 (1.0) | 6 (12.5) | 11 (7.2) | ||
| African | 0 (0) | 6 (12.5) | 28 (18.3) | ||
| Hispanic | 13 (6.5) | 1 (2.1) | 12 (7.8) | ||
| Cardiovascular risk factors (%) | |||||
| Tobacco exposure | 74 (36.8) | 15 (31.3) | 45 (29.6) | 0.09 | 0.48 |
| Alcohol intake3 | 70 (34.8) | 11 (22.9) | 23 (15.4) | < 0.001 | 0.17 |
| Hypertension | 40 (19.9) | 11 (22.9) | 27 (17.8) | 0.46 | 0.28 |
| Diabetes | 4 (2.0) | 4 (8.3) | 6 (3.9) | 0.08 | 0.2 |
| Dyslipidemia | 46 (22.9) | 3 (6.3) | 31 (20.4) | 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Central obesity | 52 (25.9) | 10 (20.8) | 27 (17.9) | 0.04 | 0.4 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.3 ± 3.6 | 26.0 ± 3.9 | 25.2 ± 4.0 | 0.76 | 0.22 |
| Liver cirrhosis (%) | 0 (0) | 12 (24.4) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| ALT, IU/mL | 22.6 ± 12.7 | 59.7 ± 48.6 | 25.6 ± 16.7 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| GGT, IU/mL | 30.4 ± 30.9 | 60.7 ± 87.9 | 31.5 ± 63.3 | 0.24 | < 0.001 |
| LDL, mg/dL4 | 131.9 ± 38.3 | 116.9 ± 30.7 | 118.1 ± 32.6 | 0.002 | 0.82 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 108.0 ± 56.7 | 96.4 ± 46.3 | 106.8 ± 59.1 | 0.54 | 0.26 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL5 | 0.29 ± 0.42 | 0.84 ± 1.90 | 1.00 ± 9.00 | 0.42 | 0.88 |
| HOMA index5 | 2.05 ± 1.84 | 4.20 ± 3.50 | 3.40 ± 3.90 | < 0.001 | 0.18 |
| HBsAg, logIU/mL | - | 3.6 ± 0.8 | 2.9 ± 1.2 | - | 0.001 |
| HBV DNA, logIU/mL | - | 4.4 ± 1.8 | 2.4 ± 1.1 | - | < 0.001 |
| Transient elastography, kPa | 4.5 ± 1.4 | 11.3 ± 10.9 | 5.5 ± 2.4 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| CAP, dB/m | 246.5 ± 54.5 | 227.4 ± 55.0 | 227.2 ± 56.2 | 0.001 | 0.98 |
Data are expressed as the median (interquartile range) or as the n (%).
Comparison between hepatitis B virus-infected and non-infected controls.
Comparison between patients with chronic hepatitis B and inactive carriers.
Significant alcohol intake was defined as > 30 g per day for men and > 20 g per day for women.
These data were available in 132 non-infected subjects.
This data was available in 83 non-infected subjects. ALT: Alanine transaminase; CAP: Control attenuation parameter; GGT: Gamma glutamyltransferase; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; BMI: Body mass index; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HOMA: Homeostasis model assessment.