Table 3.
Factors associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a propensity score matched by age, sex and main cardiovascular risk factors
|
Groups of study
|
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
||||
|
Chronic hepatitis B, n = 49
|
Inactive carriers, n = 49
|
Controls, n = 49
|
P
value
|
OR (95%CI)
|
P
value
|
|
| Age, yr | 48.4 ± 12.0 | 48.7 ± 13.0 | 47.1 ± 11.3 | 0.78 | ||
| Age > 50 yr (%) | 25 (51.0) | 24 (49.0) | 23 (46.9) | 0.92 | 1.30 (1.12-1.50) | 0.01 |
| Male sex (%) | 31 (64.6) | 31 (63.3) | 31 (63.3) | 1 | 0.72 | |
| Caucasian race (%) | 35 (72.9) | 32 (65.3) | 38 (77.6) | 0.41 | - | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors (%) | ||||||
| Tobacco exposure | 15 (31.3) | 13 (26.5) | 16 (32.7) | 0.80 | 0.71 | |
| Hypertension | 11 (22.9) | 10 (20.4) | 11 (22.4) | 0.96 | 0.40 | |
| Diabetes | 4 (8.3) | 5 (10.2) | 3 (6.1) | 0.76 | 0.57 | |
| Dyslipidemia | 3 (6.3) | 3 (6.1) | 5 (10.2) | 0.68 | 0.54 | |
| Central obesity | 10 (20.8) | 10 (20.4) | 10 (20.4) | 1 | 0.06 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.0 ± 3.9 | 26.3 ± 4.9 | 26.4 ± 3.8 | 0.90 | 0.16 | |
| ALT, IU/mL | 48.6 ± 9.4 | 26.9 ± 9.4 | 25.2 ± 9.6 | < 0.001 | 0.08 | |
| GGT, IU/mL | 60.7 ± 87.9 | 42.7 ± 106.0 | 37.7 ± 50.9 | 0.45 | 0.07 | |
| LDL, mg/dL1 | 116.9 ± 30.7 | 120.3 ± 32.6 | 112.7 ± 35.3 | 0.72 | 0.87 | |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 96.4 ± 46.3 | 99.0 ± 57.5 | 115.3 ± 77.1 | 0.30 | 0.41 | |
| HOMA index2 | 4.2 ± 3.5 | 4.7 ± 5.8 | 2.6 ± 2.6 | 0.14 | 0.40 | |
| Transient elastography, kPa | 11.3 ± 10.9 | 5.7 ± 3.0 | 5.0 ± 7.9 | < 0.001 | 0.80 | |
| CAP, dB/m | 227.4 ± 55.0 | 232.1 ± 48.6 | 251.5 ± 62.8 | 0.095 | 0.49 | |
| Chronic hepatitis B state (%) | 49 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 | 1.26 (1.09-1.47) | 0.03 |
1
Only available for 34 controls.
2
Only available for 25 non-infected controls. ALT: Alanine transaminase; CAP: Control attenuation parameter; GGT: Gamma glutamyltransferase; BMI: Body mass index; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio; HOMA: Homeostasis model assessment.