Table 3.

Dose data for cell culture studies with different ZnO particles, computed for 100 mg particles L⁻¹ in a 24-well plate (2 cm², 640 uL medium, 48,000 cells)

System	Zinc oxide concentration /mmol L−1	ZnO particle concentration/L−1	ZnO particle surface/m2 particle	ZnO particle surface/m2 L−1	ZnO concentration/particles m2
Nanospheres	1.23	7.41 × 1014	5.03 × 10−15	3.72	2.37 × 1015
Nanorods	1.23	1.97 × 1014	1.38 × 10−14	2.73	6.32 × 1014
Submicrospheres	1.23	5.92 × 1012	1.38 × 10−13	0.82	1.90 × 1013
Microspheres	1.23	3.79 × 1011	7.85 × 10−13	0.29	1.21 × 1012
Microrods	1.23	6.32 × 1012	1.65 × 10−13	1.04	2.02 × 1013