Table 1.

Baseline characteristics and echocardiography.

	Control	ACF	P (t-test)	Fold-change ACF vs control
Body weight (BW), g	550 ± 50	610 ± 70	0.0035	1.1
Tibial length, mm	43 ± 1	44 ± 1	0.3668	1.0
Heart weight/BW, g kg−1	3.0 ± 0.2	5.9 ± 0.8	< 0.0001	2.0
LV weight/BW, g kg−1	2.0 ± 0.2	3.4 ± 0.5	< 0.0001	1.7
RV weight/BW, g kg−1	0.53 ± 0.05	1.3 ± 0.2	< 0.0001	2.5
Atrial weight/BW, g kg−1	0.33 ± 0.06	1.0 ± 0.2	< 0.0001	3.0
Lung weight/BW, g kg−1	3.5 ± 0.4	5 ± 1	< 0.0001	1.4
Heart failure score (0–7)	0.03 ± 0.11	1.6 ± 1.5	< 0.0001	53
Echocardiography: left ventricle (LV)
LV end-diastolic dimension, mm	6.7 ± 0.6	12 ± 1	< 0.0001	1.8
LV posterior wall thickness, mm	2.6 ± 0.3	2.2 ± 0.2	< 0.0001	0.8
Relative wall thickness	0.8 ± 0.1	0.33 ± 0.05	< 0.0001	0.4
LV fractional shortening, %	58 ± 5	38 ± 6	< 0.0001	0.7
Heart rate, min−1	460 ± 30	370 ± 40	< 0.0001	0.8
Stroke volume, ml	0.29 ± 0.08	1.5 ± 0.3	< 0.0001	5.2
Cardiac output, ml min−1	130 ± 30	500 ± 100	< 0.0001	3.8
Mitral regurgitation grade (1–4)	0.3 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.9	0.0004	4.3
Echocardiography: right ventricle (RV)
RVD1, mm	3.6 ± 0.3	7 ± 1	< 0.0001	1.9
RVD2, mm	3.5 ± 0.3	7 ± 1	< 0.0001	2.0
RVD3, mm	9.7 ± 0.7	14 ± 1	< 0.0001	1.4
RV diastolic area, mm2	32 ± 2	90 ± 20	< 0.0001	2.8
RV FAC, %	49 ± 4	40 ± 10	0.0037	0.8
TAPSE, mm	3.1 ± 0.2	3.9 ± 0.7	< 0.0001	1.3
RV global strain, %	−9 ± 2	−13 ± 3	0.0005	1.4
RV global strain rate, s−1	1.4 ± 0.3	2.0 ± 0.4	< 0.0001	1.4
Tricuspid regurgitation grade (1–4)	0.4 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.8	0.0012	3.3

Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

BW, body weight; LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; RVD, right ventricular diameter; FAC, fractional area change; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.