. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Feb 25;20(2):e74–e88. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.02.032

Table 4.

Comparative risk of serious infections in patients with (A) Crohn’s disease and (B) ulcerative colitis, treated with vedolizumab vs. TNFα antagonists (reference), using marginal structural models.

Vedolizumab vs. TNFα antagonists (reference), adjusted HR (and 95% CI)	A. Crohn’s disease	B. Ulcerative colitis
Type of serious infections • Gastrointestinal • Extra-intestinal	2.90 (1.21–6.94) 1.43 (0.73–2.79)	1.20 (0.57–2.53) 0.41 (0.15–1.12)
Age at biologic initiation • ≥60y • <60y	1.36 (0.75–2.44) 0.59 (0.18–1.88)	0.38 (0.12–1.19) 0.53 (0.31–0.91)
Excluding patients with serious infection in preceding 12m	N/A	0.51 (0.31–0.84)
Excluding patients with immunomodulator exposure in preceding 12m	N/A	0.74 (0.47–1.17)

[Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval, HR=hazard ratio, N/A=Not available since models did not converge due to low event rates; TNF=tumor necrosis factor]