Table 1.
Clinicopathologic features of laryngeal sarcomas
| Case | Diagnosis | Age (years)/Gender | Symptoms | Size (cm) | Grade | Site | Recurrence (months) | Treatment/Margin status | Status & Total follow up (months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Myxofibrosarcoma | 62/M | Stridor and shortness of breath | 4.0 | 3 | Vocal cords, bilateral | No | Total laryngectomy and bilateral neck dissection/Negative margins | LOST; 1 month |
| 2 | Leiomyosarcoma | 65/M | Difficulty swallowing | 5.3 | 2 | Cricoid cartilage | Yes; (13 months after resection) | Total laryngectomy, partial pharyngectomy, and partial thyroidectomy/Negative margins | DOD; 48 months |
| 3 | Conventional chondrosarcoma | 33/M | Voice changes | 2.5 | 1 | Cricoid cartilage | No | Segmental wide resection of the cricoid/Negative margins | NED; 40 months |
| 4 | Myofibroblastic sarcoma | 79/M | Cough and voice changes, hoarseness, fatigue, and fainting episodes | 1.2 | 3 | Left vocal cord | No | Left partial laryngectomy/Negative margins | LOST; 24 months with NED |
| 5 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline and myxoid type | 85/M | Voice changes | 5.5 | 2 | Left thyroid and cricoid cartilage | No | Total laryngectomy/radical resection of soft tissue tumor/left hemithyroidectomy/Negative margins | NED; 24 months |
| 6 | Well-differentiated liposarcoma, lipoma-like | 54/M | Progressive shortness of breath | 5.1 | 1 | Left epiglottis | No | Left partial laryngectomy with limited pharyngectomy/Negative margins | LOST; 12 months with NED |
| 7 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, arising from chondroma | 52/M | Hoarseness | 2.5 | 1 | Left cricoid cartilage | No | Left hemilaryngectomy/Negative margins | LOST; 1 month |
| 8 | Conventional chondrosarcoma | 72/M | Left vocal cord paralysis | 4.1 | 1 | Left posterior thyroid cartilage | NA | NA | NA |
| 9 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 50/M | Dysphonia | NA | 1 | Cricoid cartilage | NA | NA | NA |
| 10 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 48/M | Hoarseness | 2.0 | 2 | Subglottis | NA | NA | NA |
| 11 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type, arising from a chondroma | 69/M | NA | NA | 1 | Larynx | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 50/M | Voice changes | 2.8 | 2 | Left cricoid cartilage | No | Left hemicricoid resection/Negative margins | NED; 18 months |
| 13 | Kaposi sarcoma | 44/M | Voice changes and hemoptysis | 1.5 | – | Left false vocal cord | No | Six cycles of chemotherapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy | NED; 24 months |
| 14 | Conventional chondrosarcoma | 75/M | Dysphagia | 6.0 | 1 | Cricoid cartilage | No | Total laryngectomy/Negative margins | NED; 79 months |
| 15 | Clear cell chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 72/M | Voice changes | 3.2 | 2 | Thyroid cartilage | Yes; 204 months | Partial laryngectomy × 2/ Positive margins | NED; 90 months |
| 16 | Well-differentiated liposarcoma, mixed lipoma, and sclerosing type | 71/M | Progressive shortness of breath | 3 | 1 | Left supraglottis | Yes;4 times (1995, 2002, 2004, and 2013) | Supraglottic laryngectomy/Positive margins | LOST; 1 month |
| 17 | Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma | 69/F | Dysphonia and globus sensation | 1.6 | 1 | Left false and true vocal cords | No | Supracricoid partial laryngectomy/Negative margins | NED; 12 months |
| 18 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 45/M | Hoarseness | NA | 1 | Left larynx | NA | NA | NA |
| 19 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 65/M | Hoarseness | NA | 1 | Cricoid cartilage, posterior aspect | NA | NA | NA |
| 20 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 42/M | Hoarseness, dysphonia | 1.3 | 1 | Left arytenoid cartilage | NA | NA | NA |
| 21 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 49/M | Progressive dysphagia, hoarseness | NA | 2 | Left posterior cricoid | NA | Partial excision/subtotal tumor removal/ Margin status NA | NA |
| 22 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, mixed hyaline and myxoid type, arising from chondroma | 68/M | Hoarseness | 4.0 | 1 | Right cricoid cartilage | NA | Left partial cricoidectomy/Positive peripheral margins | NED; 1 month |
| 23 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, myxoid and hyaline type, arising from chondroma | 72/M | NA | 3.5 | 2 | Cricoid cartilage | No | Total laryngectomy/Negative margins | DOC; 116 months |
| 24 | Malignant granular cell tumor | 38/F | Dysphagia and odynophagia | 6.8 | 2 | Left lateral pharynx, pyriform sinus and left aryepiglottic fold | NA | Left partial pharyngectomy and partial vertical laryngectomy/Positive margin | NED; 14 months |
| 25 | Conventional chondrosarcoma, hyaline type | 48/M | Shortness of breath | 2.9 | 1 | Left thyroid cartilage | NA | NA | NA |
| 26 | Leiomyosarcoma | 81/M | Shortness of breath | 1.5 | 2 | Left arytenoid | NA | NA | NA |
| 27 | Myxofibrosarcoma | 78/M | Shortness of breath | 4.0 | 3 | Right vocal fold | NA | NA | NA |
LOST Lost to follow up; DOD Died of disease; NED No evidence of disease; AWD Alive with disease; DOC Died of other causes; NA Not available