Table 3.
The specific associations between occupational physical exposures and number of pain sites.
| Men (n = 3,615 observations) | Women (n = 3,842 observations) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate models | Multivariable modela | Univariate models | Multivariable modela | ||||||||||||
| RR | 95% CI | P-value | RR | 95% CI | P-value | RR | 95% CI | P-value | RR | 95% CI | P-value | ||||
| Hard physical labor | 1.19 | 1.15; 1.24 | < 0.001 | 1.07 | 1.02; 1.13 | 0.012 | 1.13 | 1.09; 1.17 | < 0.001 | 1.07 | 1.03; 1.12 | 0.002 | |||
| Leaning forward | 1.18 | 1.14; 1.22 | < 0.001 | 1.07 | 1.02; 1.12 | 0.004 | 1.09 | 1.06; 1.12 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 1.02; 1.10 | 0.006 | |||
| Back twisting | 1.21 | 1.17; 1.26 | < 0.001 | 1.09 | 1.04; 1.15 | < 0.001 | 1.11 | 1.08; 1.15 | < 0.001 | 1.06 | 1.02; 1.11 | 0.005 | |||
| Constant moving | 1.10 | 1.06; 1.14 | < 0.001 | 1.01 | 0.97; 1.06 | 0.557 | 1.02 | 0.99; 1.05 | 0.104 | 0.98 | 0.94; 1.01 | 0.216 | |||
| Lifting loads of ≥ 1 kg | 1.16 | 1.12; 1.20 | < 0.001 | 1.06 | 1.01; 1.12 | 0.028 | 1.08 | 1.05; 1.11 | < 0.001 | 1.03 | 0.99; 1.08 | 0.122 | |||
Rate ratios (RRs) for number of pain sites from generalized estimating equation (GEE) models. Bold denotes statistical significance.
CI, Wald's confidence interval; RR, Rate ratio.
a
Also adjusted for age, low education, living alone, low household income, unemployment, physical inactivity, smoking, drinking, overweight, and psychiatric symptoms.