Table 2.
Risk of bias assessment and applicability concerns (QUADAS-2).
| Study | Risk of bias | Applicability concerns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | Flow and timing | Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | |
| Charalampakis (2018) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Grunheid (2017) | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Haouili (2020) | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Kravitz (2008) | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Kravitz (2009) | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Lombardo (2017) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Simon (2014) | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |