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. 2021 Aug 11;12:709010. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709010

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Copyright © 2021 Seshimo, Momose and Morikawa.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Reduction of infectious titers and Seg.6 packaging rates by complementary base substitutions of essential bases. (A) Two to six of the nine identified essential bases were replaced by complementary bases in various combinations (Table 1), and the infectious titers of the mutant viruses were measured by plaque assay. (B) Relative ratio of each segment packaged into progeny virions. The copy numbers of each segment of the three mutant virus strains that showed low infectious titers were measured using RT-qPCR (n = 3) and are shown as relative to Seg.6 with SD. Significant differences detected by Tukey–Kramer multiple comparisons test between 6v5(inS50)-WT and mutants (A) or between Seg.6 and the other segments (B) are indicated by asterisks (P < 0.05). The differences of other combinations are not significant.