Table 1.
Clinicopathologic factors, surgical variables, and outcomes of all patients
| Variable | All patients n = 1006 (%) |
|---|---|
| Baseline demographics | |
| Age (years, mean ± std) | 61 ± 14 |
| Male | 441 (44) |
| ASA class | |
| 1 | 16 (2) |
| 2 | 368 (37) |
| 3 | 588 (58) |
| 4 | 32 (3) |
| 5 | 0 (0) |
| BMI (kg/m2, mean ± std) | 28.4 ± 9.0 |
| Comorbidities | |
| Diabetes | 203 (20) |
| Congestive heart failure | 11 (1) |
| Severe COPD | 11 (1) |
| Chronic renal failure | 30 (3) |
| Prior abdominal operations | 461 (46) |
| Symptoms at presentation | |
| Incidental/asymptomatic | 575 (57) |
| Pancreatitis | 111 (11) |
| Jaundice | 1 (0.1) |
| Pain (not pancreatitis) | 188 (19) |
| Early satiety | 6 (0.6) |
| Bowel obstruction | 4 (0.4) |
| Other | 114 (11) |
| Intra-operative outcomes | |
| Pathologic diagnoses | |
| Benign | 129 (13) |
| Pre-malignant | 468 (47) |
| Malignant | 327 (33) |
| Missing | 82 (8) |
| Operative approach | |
| Open | 573 (57) |
| Total laparoscopic | 155 (15) |
| Laparoscopic hand-assist | 50 (5) |
| Laparoscopic converted to hand-assist | 43 (5) |
| Laparoscopic converted to open | 75 (8) |
| Robotic | 88 (9) |
| Robotic converted to laparoscopic hand-assist | 5 (0.5) |
| Robotic converted to open | 17 (2) |
| Length of surgery (minutes, mean ± std) | 170 ± 81 |
| Estimated blood loss (mL, mean ± std) | 269 ± 405 |
| Any pRBC transfusion | 39 (4) |
| Crystalloid (mL, mean ± std) | 2060 ± 1212 |
| Colloid (mL, mean ± std) | 224 ± 404 |
| Splenic resection | 973 (96) |
| Size of tumor (cm, mean ± std) | 4 ± 3 |
| Specimen length (cm, mean ± std) | 9 ± 3.6 |
| Lymph node resection | 944 (94) |
| Lymph nodes (#) | 15.6 ± 9.7 |
| Final resection statusa | |
| R0 | 670 (87) |
| R1b | 96 (12) |
| R2 | 5 (0.6) |
| Post-operative outcomes | |
| Complication | |
| Minor complication | 275 (27) |
| Major complication | 179 (18) |
| Drainage procedure | 114 (11) |
| Reoperation | 27 (3) |
| Length of stay (days, mean ± std) | 6.5 ± 4.7 |
| Thirty-day readmission | 164 (16) |
a
For pre-malignant and malignant tumors only.
b
Data reported as n (%) or mean ± SD; R1, microscopically positive margin.