Primary crops (available studies)	Crop groups	Crop(s)	Application(s)	Sampling (DAT)	Comment/Source
	Fosetyl
	Fruit crops	Oranges	3–4 × 1 g a.s./15 trees (paintbrush application)	75	The initial step of fosetyl‐Al metabolism proceeds through dissociation and the hydrolytic cleavage of the ethyl ester bond with phosphonic acid and ethanol as the major plant metabolites. Ethanol, when not lost by volatilisation, is further incorporated into natural products
		Apples	2 × unknown dose/ha	0–; 0+; 7; 14
		Pineapples	1 dipping treatment of crowns (2.4 g/L solution)	0; 7; 14; 28; 56; 120
			and 1 spraying treatment (2.4 g/L solution)	115; 122
		Tomatoes	2 × 4.4 kg a.s./ha	–14; 0; 14; 42
		Grape leaves	1 × 3,024 μg a.s. per plant	7, 14, 21
	Potassium phosphonate
	Metabolism studies are not available but information from public literature was considered sufficient to conclude on the residue definition in all plant commodities following foliar and soil application (EFSA, 2012b).
	Disodium phosphonate
	Fruit crops	Tomato plantlets	Roots soaking: 1 × 3 mmol/L	2–120 min	Tritiated phosphonic acid (3HNa2PO3)
	Root crops	Information from public literature was considered sufficient to evaluate the behaviour and distribution of disodium phosphonate in plants (EFSA, 2013; France, 2020b).

Rotational crops (available studies)	Crop groups	Crop(s)	Application(s)	PBI (DAT)	Comment/Source
	Fosetyl
	Root/tuber crops	Radishes	Bare soil application of non‐radiolabelled phosphonic acid at a target concentration of 4.9 mg/kg.	32; 182	Residues of phosphonic acid are observed in plants grown only one month after application to the soil. Radish root: 0.8 mg/kg Lettuce: 0.76 mg/kg In all other crop parts phosphonic acid residues < LOQ (0.5 mg/kg).
	Leafy crops	Lettuces		32
	Cereals (small grain)	Barley		32
	Potassium phosphonate
	No study on nature of residues in rotational crops is available for potassium phosphonate. However, the available study conducted with fosetyl (see above) is considered sufficient to assess the behaviour of potassium phosphonate in rotational crops (France, 2020c).
	Disodium phosphonate
	No study on nature of residues in rotational crops is available for disodium phosphonate. However, the available study conducted with fosetyl (see above) is considered sufficient to assess the behaviour of disodium phosphonate in rotational crops (France, 2020b).

Processed commodities (hydrolysis study)	Conditions	Stable?	Comment/Source
	Pasteurisation (20 min, 90°C, pH 4)	Yes	Studies evaluated during the peer review for the renewal of fosetyl, showed that fosetyl and phosphonic acid are stable following processing (EFSA, 2018e). In the peer review of disodium phosphonates a case was made that the only expected behaviour would be a change in the conversion rate to phosphonic acid (EFSA, 2013).
	Baking, brewing and boiling (60 min, 100°C, pH 5)	Yes
	Sterilisation (20 min, 120°C, pH 6)	Yes