| Commodity | Region/Indoora | Residue levels observed in the supervised residue trials (mg/kg) | Comments/Source | Calculated MRL (mg/kg) | HRb (mg/kg) | STMRc (mg/kg) | CFd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residue trials performed with Fosetyl | |||||||
| RD Mo: Phosphonic acid and its salts expressed as phosphonic acid RD RA: Sum of fosetyl, phosphonic acid and their salts, expressed as phosphonic acid | |||||||
| Grapefruits Oranges Lemons Limes Mandarins | SEU | Mo: 2 × 0.8; 1.8; 2.26; 2.52; 3; 3.3; 3.4; 4.5; 4.65; 5.2; 5.4; 5.45; 6.25; 7.1; 2 × 7.5; 9; 9.6; 10; 10.1; 12; 13; 15; 16.8; 17; 20; 23 RA: –e | Trials on oranges (12) and mandarins (16) compliant with the GAP (Italy, 2020a,c, Spain, 2020). MRLOECD = 31.85 | 40 | 23.00 | 6.68 | 1 |
| EU | Mo: 4.2; 5; 2 × 6.6; 8.6 RA: –e | Trials on mandarins at a PHI of 8 days and compliant with the post‐harvest GAP (Italy, 2020a,c, Spain, 2020). According to the extrapolation rules, 4 additional residue trials on oranges are in principle required. Considering that the residue levels in oranges are expected to be lower compared to mandarins and the SEU outdoor GAP is by far more critical, these trials can be considered as desirable only. An MRL can be derived for the whole group of citrus fruit. MRL based on the mean plus 4 SD. | 15 | 8.60 | 6.60 | 1 | |
| Chestnuts | SEU | Mo: – RA: – | GAP‐compliant trials not available. | – | – | – | |
| Pome fruits | NEU | Mo: 1.5; 1.8; 2.4; 2.5; 3.5; 3.8; 2 × 5; 5.3; 11 RA: –e | Combined data set on apples (9) and pears (1) supporting the critical GAPs for pome fruits (EFSA 2012a). MRLOECD = 15.22 | 15 | 11.00 | 3.65 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 3.4; 5.32; 9.6; 13.4; 21.8; 25.2; 26.8; 27 RA: –e | Combined data set on apples (4) and pears (4) supporting the critical GAPs for pome fruits. Scaled values (factor: 1.3) (Italy, 2020a; Portugal, 2020; Spain, 2020) MRLOECD = 55.81 | 60 | 27.00 | 17.60 | 1 | |
| Apricots Peaches | SEU | Mo: 3.2; 3.7; 5.4; 7.1; 12; 14; 19; 32 RA: –e | Combined GAP‐compliant residue trials on apricots (4) and peaches (4) (Spain, 2020) MRLOECD = 51.09 | 60 | 32.00 | 9.55 | 1 |
| Table grapes | NEU | Mo: – RA: – | Residue trials available but not compliant with GAP (Czech Republic, 2020; Germany, 2020). | – | – | – | |
| SEU | Mo: 4.6; 5.8; 6.2; 7.8; 12; 14; 15; 16; 2 × 17; 2 × 22; 23; 25; 26; 27; 2 × 33; 34; 36; 42; 50 RA: –e | Trials on grapes compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 71.05 | 80 | 50.00 | 22.00 | 1 | |
| Wine grapes | NEU | Mo: 4.66f; 8f; 11; 13.86f; 14.2f; 14.4f; 2 × 16; 19.65f; 22; 23 RA: –e | Trials on grapes compliant with GAP (Czech Republic, 2020; Germany, 2020). MRLOECD = 44.39 | 50 | 23.00 | 14.40 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 4.6; 5.8; 6.2; 7.8; 12; 14; 15; 16; 2 × 17; 2 × 22; 23; 25; 26; 27; 2 × 33; 34; 36; 42; 50 RA: –e | Trials on grapes compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 71.05 | 80 | 50.00 | 22.00 | 1 | |
| Strawberries | NEU | Mo: 4.9; 7.2; 8.1; 9.3; 10; 11; 19; 42 RA: –e | Trials on strawberries compliant with GAP (Netherlands, 2020). MRLOECD = 62.22 | 70 | 42.00 | 9.65 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 4.2; 4.4; 5; 10.5; 11; 12; 15; 16; 44 RA: –e | Trials on strawberries compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 62.51 | 70 | 44.00 | 11.00 | 1 | |
| EU | Mo: 7; 8.5; 9.1; 9.6; 10; 18; 25; 33 RA: –e | Trials on strawberries compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 52.92 | 60 | 33.00 | 9.80 | 1 | |
| Blackberries | NEU | Mo: 4.22; 5.37; 49 RA: 4.36; –; 49.65 | GAP‐compliant residue trials (Germany, 2015, 2020) MRLOECD = 121.64 | 150 (tentative)g | 49.00 | 5.37 | 1.0 |
| EU | Mo: 1.85; 2.5; 4.93; 6.6; 15.67; 17.16; 21; 23 RA: 3.72; 3.19; 5.50; 7.13; 21.30; 19.26; 26.21; 24.95 | GAP‐compliant residue trials (EFSA, 2015; Germany, 2020) MRLOECD = 45.84 | 50 | 23.00 | 11.14 | 1.2 | |
| Raspberries (red and yellow) | NEU | Mo: – RA: – | Residue trials on blackberries available but not compliant with the GAP (Finland, 2020). | – | – | – | |
| EU | Mo: 1.85; 4.85; 15.44; 16.9 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials on blackberries (with extrapolation to raspberries) (Portugal, 2020) MRLOECD = 39.86 | 40 | 16.90 | 10.15 | 1 | |
| Kiwi fruits (green, red, yellow) | SEU | Mo: 3.6; 11.4; 11.6; 17; 30; 33; 44.5; 59.63 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials (EFSA, 2012c) MRLOECD = 102.55 | 100 | 59.63 | 23.50 | 1 |
| Avocados | SEU | Mo: 2.9; 3.2; 3.5; 5.6; 20 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a) MRLOECD = 36.33 | 40 | 20.00 | 3.50 | 1 |
| Pineapples | Import (Latin American countries, FR) | Mo: 0.6; 2.4; 3.7; 5 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP but only the 1st trial reported reliable measurement for the whole fruit. Other results based on measurement in pulp multiplied by a ratio of 1.2 (derived from 1st trial) (EFSA 2012a). MRLOECD = 10.44 | 10 | 5.00 | 3.05 | 1 |
| Potatoes | SEU | Mo: 5.3; 6.6; 9.4; 11.9; 12.2; 14.1; 15.22; 23.06 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials (Italy, 2020a,c, Spain, 2020) MRLOECD = 36.67 | 40 | 23.06 | 12.05 | 1 |
| Celeriacs/turnip rooted celeries | EU | Mo: 3 × < 0.15; < 0.20; 2.9 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials (EFSA, 2015) MRLOECD = 5.61 | 6 | 2.90 | 0.15 | 1 |
| Radishes | EU | Mo: 6.4; 7.3; 7.7; 9.2 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 22.95 | 30 | 9.20 | 7.50 | 1 |
| Onions | NEU | Mo: 4.4; 5.9; 8.9; 10; 12; 2 × 15; 18 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 33.45 | 40 | 18.00 | 11.00 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 1.3; 3.4; 3.9; 4.3; 4.4; 4.7; 7.7; 12; 17; 22 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 35.18 | 40 | 22.00 | 4.55 | 1 | |
| Tomatoes | SEU | Mo: 2.9f; 4.95; 6.16f; 6.21; 6.26f; 6.72f; 9.43f; 10.3; 13.68f; 15.3; 16.63f; 21.3; 21.81; 21.92; 22.23; 34.31f RA: 2.93; –; 6.19; –; 6.36; 7.77; 9.6; –; 14.4; –; 17.46; –; –; –; –; 35.07 | GAP‐compliant residue trials (Greece, 2020; Italy, 2020a,c; Spain, 2020). MRLOECD = 48.62 | 50 | 34.31 | 11.99 | 1 |
| EU | Mo: 2.45; 2.99; 3.89; 4.69; 6.12; 11.9; 13.27; 14.95 RA: 2.94; 4.8; 4.58; 5.59; 7.11; 13.22; 14.95; 15.58 | GAP‐compliant residue trials (France, 2020a; Germany, 2020; Greece, 2020; Italy, 2020a,c) MRLOECD = 27.64 | 30 | 14.95 | 5.41 | 1.2 | |
| Sweet peppers/bell peppers | SEU | Mo: – RA: – | No GAP‐compliant residue trials. | – | – | – | |
| EU | Mo: – RA: – | No GAP‐compliant residue trials. | – | – | – | ||
| Aubergines/eggplants | SEU | Mo: 7 × < 0.2; 0.26; 1 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials on tomatoes with extrapolation to aubergines (Spain, 2020) MRLOECD = 1.36 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.2 | 1 |
| EU | Mo: 2.45; 2.99; 3.89; 4.69; 6.12; 11.9; 13.27; 14.95 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials on tomatoes. Extrapolation to aubergines possible (France, 2020a; Germany, 2020; Greece, 2020; Italy, 2020a,c) MRLOECD = 27.64 | 30 | 14.95 | 5.41 | 1 | |
| Cucumbers Gherkins Courgettes | NEU | Mo: 6.6; 7.3; 9.9; 11; 13; 14; 21; 30 RA: –e | Trials on cucumbers with an overdosed application rate (4.5 kg a.s./ha) sufficient to demonstrate that indoor use is more critical (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 45.5 | 50 (tentative)h | 30.00 | 12.00 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 5.5; 7.6; 11; 2 × 12; 15; 19 RA: –e | Trials on courgettes compliant with the GAP; extrapolation to gherkins and cucumbers is possible (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 35.19 | 40 | 19.00 | 12.00 | 1 | |
| EU | Mo: 8.4; 2 × 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 17; 26; 30; 31; 32; 34; 35; 39; 41; 53 RA: –e | Trials on cucumbers compliant with the GAP; extrapolation to gherkins and courgettes is possible (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 77.7 | 80 | 53.00 | 26.00 | 1 | |
| Melons Pumpkins Watermelons | NEU | Mo: – RA: – | No GAP‐compliant residue trials. | – | – | – | |
| SEU | Mo: 11; 12; 17; 19; 20; 28 RA: – | Trials on melons supporting the southern outdoor GAP for cucurbits with inedible peel (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 53.5 | 60 (tentative)g | 28.00 | 18.00 | 1 | |
| EU | Mo: 5.6; 10; 2 × 14; 15; 18; 21; 27 RA: –e | Trials on melons supporting the indoor GAP for cucurbits with inedible peel (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 46.72 | 50 | 27.00 | 14.50 | 1 | |
| Cauliflowers Broccoli Brussels sprouts Head cabbages | SEU | Mo: 6 × < 0.2 RA: –e | Residue trials on cauliflower (2) and on head cabbage (4) conducted at an overdosed rate (Italy, 2020c). Extrapolation is acceptable considering the type of application (drenching) and no additional residue trials on cauliflower and head cabbage are required as the indoor GAP can be considered as more critical. Not authorised for use on Brussels sprouts and head cabbages in SEU. MRLOECD = 0.2 | 0.2 (tentative)h | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1 |
| EU | Cauliflowers: Mo: 2 × < 0.2; 0.21; 0.32; 0.61; 0.63; 0.86; 1.1; 1.3 RA: –e Head cabbages: Mo: 8 × < 0.02; 0.36 RA: –e | Combined data set on cauliflower (9) and head cabbage (9) supporting the indoor GAP for all brassica vegetables. Extrapolation is acceptable considering the type of application (drench treatment of soil prior to transplanting) (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 1.8 | 2 | 1.30 | 0.20 | 1 | |
| Chinese cabbages/pe‐tsai | EU | Mo: 4 × < 0.2 RA: –e | Trials on kale compliant with GAP; extrapolation to Chinese cabbage is possible (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1 |
| Kales | EU | Mo: 1.34; 1.86; 2.0; 2.08; 2 × 2.3; 2.92; 3.68 RA: 3.25; –; 3.07; –; 3.07; 3.55; –; – | Trials on kale compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 6.93 | 7 | 3.68 | 2.19 | 1.5 |
| Kohlrabies | EU | Mo: 0.18; 0.19; 2 × 0.46; 0.62; 2 × 0.73; 0.81; 1.8; 3.3 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 4.73 | 5 | 3.30 | 0.68 | 1 |
| Lettuces Lamb's lettuces/corn salads Escaroles/broad‐leaved endives Cresses and other sprouts and shoots Land cresses Roman rocket/rucola Red mustards | NEU | Mo: 1.4; 1.7; 2 × 2.3; 2.5; 3.45f; 3.5; 4.05f; 4.7; 4.95f; 5.4f; 8.1; 8.33f; 8.68f; 10.69f; 17.44f RA: –e | GAP‐compliant trials on lettuces ‘open leaf’ varieties. Extrapolation to all salads plants possible (Italy, 2020a,c) MRLOECD = 22.44 | 30 | 17.44 | 4.38 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 3.09f; 4.5; 5.28f; 5.3; 6.01f; 6.08f; 6.22f; 6.8; 7.1; 8.06f; 8.5; 8.9; 11; 13.15f; 15; 16; 19.30f; 19.38f RA: –e | GAP‐compliant trials on lettuces ‘open leaf’ varieties (Italy, 2020a,c). Extrapolation to all salad plants possible. MRLOECD = 29.64 | 30 | 19.38 | 7.58 | 1 | |
| EU | Mo: 2 × 7.7; 9; 9.2; 12; 13; 15; 17; 19; 23; 27; 30; 36; 41; 56; 66; 92 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials on lettuces ‘open leaf’ varieties (Italy, 2020a,c). Extrapolation to all salad plants possible. MRLOECD = 123.01 | 150 | 92.00 | 19.00 | 1 | |
| Baby leaf crops (including brassica species) | NEU | Mo: 1.4; 1.7; 2 × 2.3; 2.5; 3.45f; 3.5; 4.05f; 4.7; 4.95f; 5.4f; 8.1; 8.33f; 8.68f; 10.69f; 17.44f RA: –e | GAP‐compliant trials on lettuces ‘open leaf’ varieties. Extrapolation to baby leaf crops possible (Italy, 2020a,c) MRLOECD = 22.44 | 30 | 17.44 | 4.38 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 3.09f; 4.5; 5.28f; 5.3; 6.01f; 6.08f; 6.22f; 6.8; 7.1; 8.06f; 8.5; 8.9; 11; 13.15f; 15; 16; 19.30f; 19.38f RA: –e | Trials on lettuces ‘open leaf’ varieties performed according to a more critical GAP (4x2.4 instead of 2x1.87 kg/ha) used to derive a tentative MRL for baby leaf crops (Italy, 2020a,c). Since the indoor GAP is clearly more critical no additional trials are required. MRLOECD = 29.64 | 30 (tentative)h | 19.38 | 7.58 – | 1 | |
| EU | Mo: 2 × 7.7; 9; 9.2; 12; 13; 15; 17; 19; 23; 27; 30; 36; 41; 56; 66; 92 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials on lettuces ‘open leaf’ varieties (Italy, 2020a,c). Extrapolation to baby leaf crops possible. MRLOECD = 123.01 | 150 | 92.00 | 19.00 | 1 | |
| Spinaches Chards/beet leaves | NEU | Mo: 0.93; 1.8; 5.3; 6.2; 37 RA: –e | Trials on spinach compliant with GAP. Extrapolation to beet leaves possible (Italy, 2020c). MRLOECD = 70.74 | 70 | 37.00 | 5.30 | 1 |
| SEU | Mo: 3.8; 7.6; 9; 9.9; 18 RA: –e | Trials on spinach compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). No authorised for use on beet leaves in SEU. MRLOECD = 30.51 | 30 | 18.00 | 9.00 | 1 | |
| EU | Mo: 2 × < 2; 3.55; 4.18 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant residue trials on lettuces (open leaf) (Belgium, 2020). Extrapolation to spinach possible. No authorised for use on beet leaves indoor. MRLOECD = 7.36 | 8 | 4.18 | 2.78 | 1 | |
| Witloofs/Belgian endives | NEU | Mo: 43; 39; 42; 20; 22; 60; 43; 12 RA: e | GAP‐compliant residue trials on witloof following combination of treatment of the chicory plants prior to forcing of the roots followed by foliar spray treatment (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD: 105,38 | 150 | 60 | 40.5 | 1 |
| EU | Mo: 9.1; 2 × 10; 14; 24 RA: – | Residue trials overdosed (performed at 2 × 60 g a.s./hL instead of 1 × 12.4 g/hL) (Belgium, 2020) used to derive a tentative MRL. Nevertheless, since the NEU outdoor GAP is clearly more critical no additional trials are required. MRLOECD = 40.26 | 40 (tentative) h | 24 | 10 | 1 | |
| Chervil Chives Celery leaves Parsley Sage Rosemary Thyme Basil and edible flowers Laurel/bay leave Tarragon | NEU | Mo: 4.05; 4.95 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant trials on parsley (Germany, 2020). | – | – | – | 1 |
| EU | Mo: < 0.2; 0.92; 1.9; 2.3; 2.5; 6.7; 9.1; 10 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant trials on parsley (4) and basil (4) (Germany, 2020). Extrapolation to fresh herbs possible. MRLOECD = 19.51 | 20 | 10.00 | 2.40 | 1 | |
| Asparagus | EU | Mo: – RA: – | Considering that the application is done by drenching after seedling, residues are not expected in the consumable parts (Germany, 2020). At least 2 GAP‐compliant trials should however be provided to demonstrate the no‐residue situation. | 0.1* (tentative)i | 0.10 | 0.10 | |
| Florence fennels | EU | Mo: < 0.15; 0.19; 0.27; 0.60 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2015) MRLOECD = 1.12 | 1.5 | 0.60 | 0.23 | 1 |
| Globe artichokes | SEU | Mo: 12; 14; 15; 29; 53 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 93.57 | 100 | 53.00 | 15.00 | 1 |
| Leeks | SEU | Mo: – RA: – | No trials available. | – | – | – | |
| Peas (dry) | NEU | Mo: – RA: – | No trials available. | – | – | – | |
| Herbal infusions from flowers | NEU | Mo: 96 RA: – | Only one GAP–compliant trial on chamomile and analysing for phosphonic acid residues (Germany, 2020). | – | – | – | ‐ |
| Hops | NEU | Mo: 236; 300; 324; 368 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 921 | 1000 | 368 | 312 | 1 |
| Seed spices Fruit spices | NEU | Mo: 30; 45; 103; 131 RA: –e | GAP‐compliant trials on Caraway (1), fennel (1), Coriander (2) (EFSA, 2012c). Extrapolation to seed spices and seed fruits possible. MRLOECD = 268.03 | 300 | 131 | 74 | 1 |
| Chicory roots | NEU | Mo: 4.7; 12; 13; 14; 15; 17; 21; 42 RA: –e | Trials compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2012a). MRLOECD = 61.3 | 70 | 42.00 | 14.50 | 1 |
GAP: Good Agricultural Practice; OECD: Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development; MRL: maximum residue level.
*
Indicates that the MRL is proposed at the limit of quantification.
Mo: residue levels expressed according to the monitoring residue definition; RA: residue levels expressed according to risk assessment residue definition.
a
NEU: Outdoor trials conducted in northern Europe, SEU: Outdoor trials conducted in southern Europe, Indoor: indoor EU trials or Country code: if non‐EU trials.
b
Highest residue. The highest residue for risk assessment (RA) refers to the whole commodity and not to the edible portion.
c
Supervised trials median residue. The median residue for risk assessment (RA) refers to the whole commodity and not to the edible portion.
d
Conversion factor to recalculate residues according to the residue definition for monitoring to the residue definition for risk assessment.
e
For all the uses on fosetyl (except for blackberries, kales and tomatoes), for which sufficient residue trials are available, fosetyl residues were measured at negligible levels compared to phosphonic acid residues in the crops at harvest (residues either at or below the LOQ of the method or residues accounting for less than 15% of the phosphonic acid residues). Therefore the results according to the residue definition for risk assessment have not been reported and a conversion factor for risk assessment of 1 has been derived.
f
Storage sample conditions of the corresponding trials were not given. However considering that acceptable storage stability was demonstrated for up to 25 months in the main four matrices and these residue values are in the same range as the residue values supported by acceptable storage stability data, this information is considered as desirable only.
g
A tentative MRL is derived based on a reduced number of trials.
h
A tentative MRL is derived based on overdosed trials or trials performed according to a more critical GAP.
i
A tentative MRL is derived pending submission of GAP‐compliant trials confirming that residues remain below the LOQ.