. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychol. 2021 Jun;57(6):851–862. doi: 10.1037/dev0001195

Table 4.

Regression Models Predicting CDI Production Scores at 18 Months Using Different Types of Early Deictic Gestures

	CDI Production Parameter Estimate (SE)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Intercept	9.84 (28.92)	43.69 (27.99)	−13.42 (16.98)	48.52^~ (24.49)
Parent Education	0.45 (1.70)	−1.68 (1.81)	1.69 (1.10)	−2.12 (1.61)
Concurrent Vocabulary	0.74 (0.43)	0.71 (1.02)	1 54^*** (0.29)
10-month Shows+Gives	9.58^* (3.78)			8.27^* (3.88)
14-month Points		3.88^~ (2.04)		3.72^* (1.83)
16-month Points			−0.82 (1.61)
N	39	38	37	38
R² (%)	21.7	14.9	56.7	23.9

Note. Because gesture variables were not normally distributed, violating the multivariate normality assumption of linear regressions, they were square root transformed.

p < .1

p < .05

^***

p < .001