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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 30.
Published in final edited form as: Stat Med. 2020 Jul 11;39(24):3313–3328. doi: 10.1002/sim.8667

Table 1.

Recoding scheme for sarcopenia example.

Category Subitem 1 Subitem 2 Subitem 3
1 1O NA NA
2 2O 1U NA
3 2O 2U NA
4 3O NA 1U
5 2O 3U NA
6 3O NA 2U
7 3O NA 3U
8 4O NA NA

Superscripts (U) and (O) are respectively used to indicate unordered and ordered categories; dummy coding is used and the category labeled 1U is used as reference.