Table 1.
Epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant hvKP in mainland China
| Site | Time frame | Isolate source/characteristic | Number | ST | Capsule type | Resistant mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hangzhou | 2016 | Sputum/CR | 5 | ST11 | K47 | blaKPC – 2 | 7 |
| Hangzhou | 2016 | Feces/colistin-resistant | 1 | ST661 | K1 | mcr-1 | 8 |
| Sichuan | 2018 | Sputum/CR | 1 | ST29 | K54 | blaNDM-5 | 9 |
| ShenZhen | 2018 | Feces/MDR (penicillin, quinolone, carbapenem-resistant) | 1 | ST23 | K1 |
blaSHV-190 oqxAB,blaVIM-1 |
10 |
| Wenzhou | 2017–2018 | Sputum, fecal, UT, blood/CR | 29 | ST11, ST37, ST375 | K2 | blaKPC – 2 | 11 |
| Beijing | 2017–2018 | Sputum/CR | 7 | ST17, ST23, ST347, ST412, ST2874 | indeterminate | indeterminate | 12 |
| Sputum/ESBL | 13 | indeterminate | indeterminate | indeterminate | |||
| Changsha | 2014–2017 | Sputum/CR | 20 | ST25, ST11 and ST375 | K2 | blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1 | 13 |
| Sichuan | 2015–2016 | Blood/Colistin-resistant | 5 | ST23, ST700, ST660, ST412 | K1, K16, K57 | mcr-1, PhoQ, D150G | 14 |
| Nanchang | 2017 | Sputum, pus, blood, UT/Quinolone resistant | 18 | ST23 | K1 | qnrS1, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrB4 | 15 |
| Nanchang | 2017–2018 | Blood, sputum, pus, UT/CR | 39 | indeterminate | indeterminate | blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1 | 16 |
| ESBL | 35 | indeterminate | indeterminate | ESBL(blaSHV-1, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-14) | |||
| Hangzhou | 2018 | Vitreous fluid/ESBL | 1 | ST2922 | K1 | blaCTX-M-14 | 17 |
| Wuhan, Zhejiang, etc. | 2013 | Sputum, blood, abdomine/ESBL | 11 | ST17, ST23, ST35, ST65, ST268, ST367, ST420, ST1658 | K1,K2,K20 | ESBL | 1 |
hvKP: hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae; ESBL: extended-spectrum-β-lactamase; CR: carbapenem-resistant; MDR: multidrug resistant; ST: sequence type; UT: Urinary tract.