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. 2019 Dec 29;16(10):1807–1822. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1704117

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© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 6. — Heart-specific overexpression of rictor preserved cardiac function during aging. (A) Representative images of p-Akt1 staining in young and old cardiomyocytes of wild-type flies. Scale bar: 10 μm. Quantification shown on the right. N = 12. Student t-test (** p < 0.01). (B) Representative images of autophagic flux in control and rictor overexpressing cardiomyocytes at old ages (Hand-gal4). Scale bar: 10 μm. Quantification shown on the right. N = 15. One-way ANOVA (*** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ns = not significant). (C-D) Diastolic intervals and arrhythmia index in flies with heart-specific overexpression of rictor (Hand-gal4). N = 19 ~ 26. One-way ANOVA (*** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ns = not significant). (E) Cardiac arrhythmia index in flies with heart-specific knockdown of rictor. N = 24. One-way ANOVA (*** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ns = not significant). (F) Cardiac arrhythmia index in flies with heart-specific knockdown of daw alone or daw; rictor double knockdown. N = 15 ~ 30. Student t-test (*** p < 0.001, * p < 0.05, ns = not significant). (G-I) Diastolic intervals, arrhythmia index, and heart period in flies with heart-specific expression of babo^Act, or babo^Act; rictor^OE (Hand-gal4). N = 11 ~ 27. One-way ANOVA (*** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ns = not significant). (J) Proposed model: INHB/activin-mediated inhibition of MTORC2 as a novel mechanism for age-dependent regulation of autophagy and cardiac health.