Figure 1.

TMEM41B and VMP1 Are Glycerolipid Scramblases (Ghanbarpour et al., 2021; Li et al., 2021) Important for Cellular Lipid Distribution From the ER. They can also act locally as components of lipid transport machinery, as shown here cooperating with the lipid transport protein ATG2 and a scramblase in the nascent autophagosome, ATG9, in supplying lipids for autophagosome biogenesis at ER-autophagosome membrane contact sites. They are also components of a protein assembly that facilitates maturation of lipoproteins in the ER (Huang et al., 2021).