Fig. 1.
Surgical techniques for lymphedema. A, LVA is a microsurgical technique to anastomose subdermal distal lymphatics with the adjacent venules. B, VLNT has its primary objective to transfer healthy lymph nodes to the affected site. C, SAPL is a reductive technique that seeks to remove the fibrofatty tissue by liposuction, generated secondary to a long period of lymph stasis in the limb. Created with BioRender.com.
